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Deorphanization of Olfactory Trace Amine-Associated Receptors

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Olfactory Receptors

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1820))

Abstract

Olfaction is the primary sense used by most animals to perceive the external world. The mouse olfactory system is composed of several sensory structures, the largest of which is the main olfactory epithelium (MOE). Olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) located within the MOE detect odors and pheromones using dedicated seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Two families of GPCRs are expressed in the MOE and are conserved in humans and other vertebrates: odorant receptors (ORs) and trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs). TAARs are distantly related to biogenic amine receptors, such as dopamine and serotonin receptors. Several TAARs detect volatile amines including ethological odors that evoke innate animal behavioral responses. Mouse TAAR4 recognizes the aversive predator odor 2-phenylethylamine, while mouse TAAR5 detects the attractive male mouse odor trimethylamine. In zebrafish, TAAR13c detects the foul death-associated odor cadaverine that mediates innate avoidance behavior. TAARs thus provide an excellent model subsystem to study odor valence. And identification of additional high-affinity ligands for TAARs will provide extra tools for such study. Therefore, this chapter focuses on the so-called SEAP assay that has been successfully applied for TAAR deorphanization in different species.

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Acknowledgment

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (to Q.L., award number 31771154), Shanghai Pujiang Program (to Q.L., award number 17PJ1405400), and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Shanghai Jiao Tong University, to Q.L., award number 17X100040037).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neuroscience Division, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China

    Qian Li Ph.D

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  1. Qian Li Ph.D
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Correspondence to Qian Li Ph.D .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Matemática Computação e Cognição (CMCC), Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Fabio Marques Simoes de Souza

  2. Centro de Matemática Computação e Cognição (CMCC), Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Gabriela Antunes

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Li, Q. (2018). Deorphanization of Olfactory Trace Amine-Associated Receptors. In: Simoes de Souza, F., Antunes, G. (eds) Olfactory Receptors. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1820. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8609-5_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8609-5_2

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-8608-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-8609-5

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