Abstract
In this chapter, we provide an overview of the techniques and approaches used in the isolation of plant organelles and structures. This overview shows there is a great diversity of methods currently used for the initial physical disruption of plant tissue before the downstream isolation of a target cellular component. These include hand grinding, high-speed mechanical disruption, and enzymatic digestion of cell walls by a variety of methods. Coupled to these disruption techniques is a wide array of additives included as ingredients in extraction solutions to minimize chemical or physical damage that may occur to target components. These additives are collated into a table outlining their function. We also provide an introduction to some of the history of common approaches used for the isolation plant organelles and structures and a synopsis of the methods used by researchers for assessment of the purity of their isolated structures. This chapter therefore provides an introduction to the following chapters that document the methodology for the isolation of individual plant organelles or structures.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Schwann T (1847) Microscopical researches into the accordance in the structure and growth of animals and plants. Sydenham Society, London [S.l.]
Andrews FM (1903) Die Wirkung der Zentrifugalkraft auf Pfianzen. Jahrb Wiss Bot 38:1–40
Mottier DM (1899) The effect of centrifugal force upon the cell. Ann Bot 13:325–363
Hogeboom GH, Schneider WC, Striebich MJ (1953) Localization and integration of cellular function. Cancer Res 13:617–632
Morgenthaler JJ, Marsden MP, Price CA (1975) Factors affecting the separation of photosynthetically competent chloroplasts in gradients of silica sols. Arch Biochem Biophys 168:289–301
Jackson C, Dench JE, Hall DO et al (1979) Separation of mitochondria from contaminating subcellular structures utilizing silica sol gradient centrifugation. Plant Physiol 64:150–153
Luthe DS, Quatrano RS (1980) Transcription in isolated wheat nuclei: I. Isolation of nuclei and elimination of endogenous ribonuclease activity. Plant Physiol 65:305–308
Heidrich HG, Hannig K (1989) Separation of cell populations by free-flow electrophoresis. Methods Enzymol 171:513–531
Schmid SL, Fuchs R, Male P et al (1988) Two distinct subpopulations of endosomes involved in membrane recycling and transport to lysosomes. Cell 52:73–83
Marsh M (1989) Endosome and lysosome purification by free-flow electrophoresis. Methods Cell Biol 31:319–334
Volkl A, Mohr H, Weber G et al (1997) Isolation of rat hepatic peroxisomes by means of immune free flow electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 18:774–780
Morre DJ, Nowack DD, Paulik M et al (1989) Transitional endoplasmic-reticulum membranes and vesicles isolated from animals and plants - homologous and heterologous cell-free membrane transfer to Golgi-apparatus. Protoplasma 153:1–13
Bardy N, Carrasco A, Galaud JP et al (1998) Free-flow electrophoresis for fractionation of Arabidopsis thaliana membranes. Electrophoresis 19:1145–1153
Eubel H, Lee CP, Kuo J et al (2007) Free-flow electrophoresis for purification of plant mitochondria by surface charge. Plant J 52:583–594
Parsons HT, Christiansen K, Knierim B et al (2012) Isolation and proteomic characterization of the Arabidopsis Golgi defines functional and novel components involved in plant cell wall biosynthesis. Plant Physiol 159:12–26
Millar AH, Knorpp C, Leaver CJ et al (1998) Plant mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex: purification and identification of catalytic components in potato. Biochem J 334(Pt 3):571–576
Murray PF, Giordano CV, Passeron S et al (1997) Purification and characterization of the 20S proteasome from wheat leaves. Plant Sci 125:127–136
Ozaki M, Fujinami K, Tanaka K et al (1992) Purification and initial characterization of the proteasome from the higher plant Spinacia oleracea. J Biol Chem 267:21678–21684
Schliephacke M, Kremp A, Schmid HP et al (1991) Prosomes (proteasomes) of higher plants. Eur J Cell Biol 55:114–121
Book AJ, Gladman NP, Lee SS et al (2010) Affinity purification of the Arabidopsis 26 S proteasome reveals a diverse array of plant proteolytic complexes. J Biol Chem 285:25554–25569
Reynoso MA, Juntawong P, Lancia M et al (2015) Translating ribosome affinity purification (TRAP) followed by RNA sequencing technology (TRAP-SEQ) for quantitative assessment of plant translatomes. Methods Mol Biol 1284:185–207
Taylor NL, Millar AH (2015) Plant mitochondrial proteomics. Methods Mol Biol 1305:83–106
Taylor NL, Fenske R, Castleden I et al (2014) Selected reaction monitoring to determine protein abundance in Arabidopsis using the Arabidopsis proteotypic predictor. Plant Physiol 164:525–536
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Energy Biology (CE140100008) and AHM (FT110100242) and NLT (FT13010123) as ARC Future Fellows.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Millar, A.H., Taylor, N.L. (2017). The Isolation of Plant Organelles and Structures in the Post-genomic Era. In: Taylor, N., Millar, A. (eds) Isolation of Plant Organelles and Structures. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1511. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6533-5_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6533-5_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-6531-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-6533-5
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols