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Na+-K+-2Cl− Cotransporter

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Ion Channels and Transporters of Epithelia in Health and Disease

Part of the book series: Physiology in Health and Disease ((PIHD))

Abstract

The conceptual breakthrough that the energy of the Na+ gradient generated by the Na+/K+ pump could be used as the driving force for another membrane transport protein has led to the functional and molecular identification of multiple secondary active transporters. We have organized this chapter to address the expression, function, regulation, and evolutionary importance of the two isoforms of the electroneutral sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter (NKCC). The combination of basolateral expression of the sodium-potassium pump and NKCC1 in various epithelia results in salt and water secretion, whereas basolateral expression of the pump with apical expression of NKCC2 in the thick ascending limb of Henle in the kidney nephron results in salt and water reabsorption. NKCCs are regulated by serine-threonine phosphorylation of specific residues in their amino-terminal domain, and the evolutionary conservation of these cotransporters from protists to humans confirms their vital role in cellular and whole-organism physiology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, T-4202 MCN, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232-2520, USA

    Eric Delpire

  2. Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Louisville, 615 S. Preston Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA

    Kenneth B. Gagnon

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Correspondence to Eric Delpire .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, University of Otago , Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand

    Kirk L. Hamilton

  2. Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

    Daniel C Devor

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Delpire, E., Gagnon, K.B. (2016). Na+-K+-2Cl− Cotransporter. In: Hamilton, K., Devor, D. (eds) Ion Channels and Transporters of Epithelia in Health and Disease. Physiology in Health and Disease. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3366-2_11

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