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Central Projections of Spiral Ganglion Neurons

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The Primary Auditory Neurons of the Mammalian Cochlea

Part of the book series: Springer Handbook of Auditory Research ((SHAR,volume 52))

Abstract

Neurons of the spiral ganglion exhibit a complex yet precise organization for delivering acoustic information from the mammalian inner ear to the brain. These neurons display a range of anatomical and physiological specializations for accurate encoding of sound features, and many of the characteristics observed in the periphery are reflected in the pattern of central projections of the auditory nerve into the cochlear nucleus. The dominant organizational principle of the auditory system is tonotopy, in which the topographic ordering of frequency from low-to-high along the sensory epithelium is replicated throughout the auditory pathway. Overlying this tonotopic organization is a second layer of complexity relating to spontaneous discharge rate, activation threshold, average rates of activity, and sound intensity coding. In the cochlear nucleus, different levels of spiral ganglion cell activity are associated with different termination patterns, even within an isofrequency lamina, and can produce morphological differences in ending structure. Ending morphology and distribution also differ with respect to target cell types and physiological response properties in the cochlear nucleus, suggesting that particular classes of connections code different aspects of the acoustic signal. Ultimately, neural activity initiated by hair cells is sent along divergent, parallel pathways to converge and recombine into percepts of the sound environment. The evolutionary persistence of features that enhance acoustic processing is a reminder that auditory specializations promote species survival.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge support from NHMRC grant 1009482, 1080652, and 1081478 Fairfax Foundation; Oticon Foundation; the Macquarie Development Group; and donations from Christian Vignes, Allen and Irene Moss, Hadyn and Sue Daw, Alan and Lynne Rydge, and Carol-Ann Kirkpatrick.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Nsw, 2010, Australia

    Michael A. Muniak, Catherine J. Connelly, Kirupa Suthakar, Giedre Milinkeviciute, Femi E. Ayeni & David K. Ryugo

  2. School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Nsw, 2052, Australia

    Catherine J. Connelly, Kirupa Suthakar, Giedre Milinkeviciute, Femi E. Ayeni & David K. Ryugo

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  1. Michael A. Muniak
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  2. Catherine J. Connelly
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  6. David K. Ryugo
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Correspondence to David K. Ryugo .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Alain Dabdoub

  2. Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA

    Bernd Fritzsch

  3. Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA

    Arthur N. Popper

  4. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA

    Richard R. Fay

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Muniak, M.A., Connelly, C.J., Suthakar, K., Milinkeviciute, G., Ayeni, F.E., Ryugo, D.K. (2016). Central Projections of Spiral Ganglion Neurons. In: Dabdoub, A., Fritzsch, B., Popper, A., Fay, R. (eds) The Primary Auditory Neurons of the Mammalian Cochlea. Springer Handbook of Auditory Research, vol 52. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3031-9_6

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