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Centrosome–Microtubule Interactions in Health, Disease, and Disorders

  • Chapter
The Cytoskeleton in Health and Disease

Abstract

The centrosome, known as the cell’s major microtubule organizing center, is a multifunctional organelle of ca. 1 μm in diameter without membrane boundaries; it relies on precise regulation to nucleate microtubules for specific functions throughout the cell cycle. The centrosome also serves as hub for signal transduction molecules and orchestrates signal transduction through its microtubule network. It holds key roles in cell cycle regulation and directly or indirectly affects cell cycle progression and cellular metabolism.

Centrosome dysfunctions have been implicated in numerous diseases and disorders including neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Centrosome functions are also affected in aging cells in which aneuploidy is associated with loss of centrosome and microtubule integrity leading to chromosome mis-segregation, as seen in senescing somatic cells and in mammalian reproductive cells in which meiotic spindles become dysfunctional resulting in fertility problems and developmental disorders.

This chapter is centered on centrosome–microtubule interactions and their dysfunctions in disease and disorders with focus on (1) Centrosome–microtubule dynamics; (2) Centrosome dysfunctions in aging cells; (3) Centrosome dysfunctions in cancer cells. Several avenues are discussed to understand centrosome abnormalities and restore function in affected reproductive and somatic cells.

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Acknowledgments

It is a pleasure to gratefully acknowledge Donald Connor’s professional help with the illustrations and support from MU’s Research Council for studies on centrosome dysfunctions.

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  1. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, 1600 E Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA

    Heide Schatten

  2. State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, China

    Qing-Yuan Sun

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    Heide Schatten

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Schatten, H., Sun, QY. (2015). Centrosome–Microtubule Interactions in Health, Disease, and Disorders. In: Schatten, H. (eds) The Cytoskeleton in Health and Disease. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2904-7_5

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