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DMP-1 in Postnatal Bone Development

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Molecular Genetics of Pediatric Orthopaedic Disorders

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Abstract

Dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) was cloned from a rat dentin cDNA library 30 years ago. Initially, this non-collagenous matrix protein was thought to be dentin specific and attracted little interest in most scientific disciplines, except for the dental research area. In the last three decades, great progress has been made in the following four areas: (1) Gene expression studies show that DMP1 is widely expressed in both non-mineralized tissues (such as brain, kidney, salivary gland, and cancer tissues) and all mineralized tissues; it is highly expressed in osteocytes; (2) Protein chemistry studies confirm that full-length DMP1 is a precursor that is cleaved into two distinct forms: the C-terminal and N-terminal fragments; (3) Functional studies revealed that DMP1 is essential to the maturation of osteocytes and mineralization via local and systemic mechanisms; and (4) Genetic research identified DMP1 mutations in humans, leading to the discovery of a novel disease: autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets. Importantly, the regulation of phosphate homeostasis by DMP1 through FGF23, a potent hormone that is released from bone and targeted in the kidneys, contributes to a new concept that connects bone with kidney and recognizes the osteocyte as an endocrine cell.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Dentistry, TX A&M, 3302 Gaston Ave, 75246, Dallas, TX, USA

    Shuxian Lin PhD & Jerry Jian Q. Feng MD,PhD

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  1. Shuxian Lin PhD
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  2. Jerry Jian Q. Feng MD,PhD
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Correspondence to Jerry Jian Q. Feng MD,PhD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Genetics, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, Texas, USA

    Carol A. Wise

  2. Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, Texas, USA

    Jonathan J. Rios

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Lin, S., Feng, J. (2015). DMP-1 in Postnatal Bone Development. In: Wise, C., Rios, J. (eds) Molecular Genetics of Pediatric Orthopaedic Disorders. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2169-0_4

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