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Antiemetics

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Basic Clinical Anesthesia

Abstract

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) remains one of the most common complications of anesthesia and is estimated to occur in approximately 20–30 % of patients receiving general anesthesia. PONV is associated with multiple risk factors including certain patient characteristics, specific surgical and anesthetic techniques, and commonly used medications in the perioperative period. This anesthetic complication contributes to preoperative anxiety in patients with a history of PONV, decreased patient satisfaction, and even serious postoperative complications such as wound dehiscence and aspiration.

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Further Reading

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop Street, C-Wing, Suite C-200, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA

    Wendy A. Haft M.D. & Richard McAffee M.D.

Authors
  1. Wendy A. Haft M.D.
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  2. Richard McAffee M.D.
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Richard McAffee M.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Emerson Hospital (former faculty Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School), Concord, Massachusetts, USA

    Paul K. Sikka

  2. Associate Professor, Associate Residency Program Director, Director of Trauma Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology-Presbyterian Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

    Shawn T. Beaman

  3. Chair, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Emerson Hospital; Associate Professor, Northeastern University, Boston, MA (former faculty Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School), Concord, Massachusetts, USA

    James A. Street

Clinical Review

Clinical Review

  1. 1.

    The following drug does not prolong the QTc interval on the electrocardiogram:

    1. A.

      Ondansetron

    2. B.

      Dolasetron

    3. C.

      Droperidol

    4. D.

      Palonosetron

  2. 2.

    Metoclopramide is contraindicated in patients with:

    1. A.

      Asthma

    2. B.

      Parkinsonism

    3. C.

      Depression

    4. D.

      Rheumatoid arthritis

  3. 3.

    Aprepitant prevents nausea and vomiting by inhibiting the following receptors:

    1. A.

      Neurokinin

    2. B.

      Bradykinin

    3. C.

      Cytokinin

    4. D.

      Kallikrein

  4. 4.

    Use of the following agent intraoperatively may prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting:

    1. A.

      Desflurane

    2. B.

      Etomidate

    3. C.

      Propofol

    4. D.

      Remifentanil

Answers: 1. D, 2. B, 3. A, 4. C

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© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Haft, W.A., McAffee, R. (2015). Antiemetics. In: Sikka, P., Beaman, S., Street, J. (eds) Basic Clinical Anesthesia. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1737-2_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1737-2_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-1736-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-1737-2

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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