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HIV Drug Resistance in Mothers and Infants Following Use of Antiretrovirals to Prevent Mother-to-Child Transmission

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of Antimicrobial Resistance

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Abstract

In the United States and other resource-rich nations, combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) that suppresses viral replication below the limits of detection in the plasma is standard of care for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT). In many resource-limited communities, financial and infrastructure limitations preclude ART for pregnancy. Instead, abbreviated PMTCT regimens of short-term antiretrovirals (ARV) (mono- or dual therapy) that do not suppress viral replication to undetectable levels are recommended. While these less costly approaches achieve significant decreases in the rates of MTCT, selection of HIV drug resistance (HIV-DR) has been detected in both mothers and infected infants. This chapter reviews prominent studies that provide insight into HIV-DR related to use of ARV for PMTCT and discusses how recent findings and therapeutic advances have led to policy changes and new directions in this developing field.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

    Scott Olson & Quy Ton

  2. Infectious Diseases/Departments of Pediatrics, Laboratory Medicine and Global Health, University of Washington and Seattle Children’s Research Institute, 1900-9th Ave, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA

    Lisa Frenkel

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  1. Scott Olson
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  2. Quy Ton
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  3. Lisa Frenkel
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Correspondence to Lisa Frenkel .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada

    Matthias Gotte

  2. McGill University, Montreal, Canada

    Albert Berghuis

  3. McGill University, Montreal, Canada

    Greg Matlashewski

  4. McGill University, Montreal, Canada

    Mark Wainberg

  5. McGill University, Montreal, Canada

    Donald Sheppard

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Olson, S., Ton, Q., Frenkel, L. (2014). HIV Drug Resistance in Mothers and Infants Following Use of Antiretrovirals to Prevent Mother-to-Child Transmission. In: Gotte, M., Berghuis, A., Matlashewski, G., Wainberg, M., Sheppard, D. (eds) Handbook of Antimicrobial Resistance. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0667-3_27-1

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  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-0667-3

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