Abstract
The respiratory muscle dysfunction due to muscle atrophy can occur in numerous pathologies such as cancer, collagen disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and diaphragm unloading via mechanical ventilation. Several proteolytic pathways including lysosomal proteases such as calpain and ubiquitin proteasome systems are involved in the degradation of muscle proteins, and abundant evidence implicates oxidative stress as a potential regulator of proteolytic pathways leading to muscle atrophy. Several lines of evidence demonstrate that an increase in protein oxidation is involved in the increased diaphragmatic proteolysis during mechanical ventilation. Also, skeletal muscle dysfunction is associated with poor health status in patients with COPD. Recent evidence supports a strong role for oxidative/nitrative stress in depressed skeletal muscle strength and endurance in COPD. A growing number of studies suggest that antioxidant can serve as therapeutic agents in delaying the muscle atrophy. This chapter will address the role of oxidative and nitrative stress in muscle dysfunction of respiratory diseases.
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Abbreviations
- AP-1:
-
Activator protein-1
- ALS:
-
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- COPD:
-
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- CMV:
-
Controlled mechanical ventilation
- FEV1:
-
Forced expiratory volume in 1 second
- HSP:
-
Heat shock protein
- MAP kinase:
-
Mitogen-activated protein kinase
- MMPs:
-
Matrix metalloproteases
- NFκB:
-
Nuclear factor κ-B pathways
- RNS:
-
Reactive nitrogen species
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- SOD:
-
Superoxide dismutase
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Matsunaga, K. (2014). Oxidative Stress and Respiratory Muscle Dysfunction. In: Ganguly, N., Jindal, S., Biswal, S., Barnes, P., Pawankar, R. (eds) Studies on Respiratory Disorders. Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0497-6_13
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