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Mammalian Phospholipase D: Structure, Regulation, and Physiological Function of Phospholipase D and its Link to Pathology

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Phospholipases in Health and Disease

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease ((ABHD,volume 10))

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Abstract

During the past two decades, structure and functions of mammalian phospholipase D (PLD), which hydrolyzes phosphatidylcholine to produce the signaling lipid phosphatidic acid, has been extensively investigated. Now, it is generally accepted that conventional two PLD isozymes, PLD1 and PLD2, play important roles in diverse cellular functions, such as endocytosis, exocytosis, membrane trafficking, cell growth, differentiation, and actin cytoskeleton reorganization. In addition, phenotypic analyses of mice lacking the PLD genes revealed that the disturbance of the PLD-mediated cellular signaling is closely related to several diseases. In this review, we summarize an overview of structures, regulatory mechanisms, and physiological functions of PLD isoforms, and discuss the emerging importance of this protein family in a wide variety of diseases, including tumor growth and metastasis, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, Alzheimer’s disease, and immune responses.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan

    Tsunaki Hongu & Yasunori Kanaho

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  1. Tsunaki Hongu
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  2. Yasunori Kanaho
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Correspondence to Yasunori Kanaho .

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  1. I.H. Asper Clinical Research Institute St. Boniface Hospital Research, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

    Paramjit S. Tappia

  2. St. Boniface Hosp. Research, Univ. of Ma Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

    Naranjan S. Dhalla

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Hongu, T., Kanaho, Y. (2014). Mammalian Phospholipase D: Structure, Regulation, and Physiological Function of Phospholipase D and its Link to Pathology. In: Tappia, P., Dhalla, N. (eds) Phospholipases in Health and Disease. Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease, vol 10. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0464-8_21

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