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Early Deprivation and Developmental Psychopathology

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Handbook of Developmental Psychopathology

Abstract

Psychology has long been fascinated by the development of children who suffer extreme deprivation early in life. From questions about whether language will develop in the absence of linguistic input to the lore surrounding presumed feral children (for a review, see Rutter, 1981), we ponder the limits of human resilience and the importance of critical periods in the life stories of these children. Initiated by geopolitical events, the early 1990s saw a sudden surge in the number of children who experienced severe early deprivation being adopted by highly resourced families in the USA and other industrialized countries. At first the children came primarily from Eastern Europe and Russia; later China became a major sending country. At its peak in the mid-2000s, around 27,000 children were being adopted each year by US families, with the majority coming from countries that used institutions to care for wards of the state. This number has fallen drastically in the last few years due to changing rules in birth countries and the economic recession. Nonetheless, we now have thousands of children available for study who are recovering from significantly adverse early life conditions whose lives provide testimony to both the impact of early experiences on neurobehavioral development and the resilience and plasticity of the human nervous system.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA

    Elisa A. Esposito M.A. & Megan R. Gunnar Ph.D.

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  1. Elisa A. Esposito M.A.
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  2. Megan R. Gunnar Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Elisa A. Esposito M.A. .

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  1. Institute for the Study of Child Development, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA

    Michael Lewis

  2. Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA

    Karen D. Rudolph

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Esposito, E.A., Gunnar, M.R. (2014). Early Deprivation and Developmental Psychopathology. In: Lewis, M., Rudolph, K. (eds) Handbook of Developmental Psychopathology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9608-3_19

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