Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Lymphoscintigraphy

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Pediatric Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging

  • 2429 Accesses

Abstract

The technique of lymphoscintigraphy images the lymphatic transit and lymph node accumulation of radiolabeled colloidal nanoparticles and is the first-line test to assess lymphatic function. It is used to diagnose lymphedema, a disease caused by either anomalous development of the lymphatic system or injury to lymphatic vasculature. Lymphoscintigraphy also can be used as a method of sentinel lymph node localization to aid in the staging of some cancers. In children and young adults, sentinel lymph node localization is used for a variety of tumors, including melanoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas, such as synovial cell sarcoma.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Schook CC, Mulliken JB, Fishman SJ, Grant FD, Zurakowski D, Greene AK. Primary lymphedema: clinical features and management in 138 pediatric patients. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011;127:2419–31.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Slavin SA, Schook C, Greene AK. Lymphedema. Br Med J Point Care. www.pointofcare.bmj.com. 2011.

  3. Schook CC, Mulliken JB, Fishman SJ, Alomari AI, Greene AK. Differential diagnosis of lower extremity lymphedema in pediatric patients referred with a diagnosis of lymphedema. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011;127:1571–81.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Neville HL, Andrassy RJ, Lally KP, Corpron C, Ross MI. Lymphatic mapping with sentinel node biopsy in pediatric patients. J Pediatr Surg. 2000;35:961–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Kayton ML, Delgada R, Busam K, et al. Experience with 31 sentinel lymph node biopsies for sarcomas and carcinomas in pediatric patients. Cancer. 2008;112:2052–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Gow KW, Rapkin LB, Olson TA, Durham MM, Wyly B, Shehata BM. Sentinel lymph node biopsy in the pediatric population. J Pediatr Surg. 2008;43:2193–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Tunn P-U, Andreou D, Illing H, Fleige B, Dresel S, Schlag PM. Sentinel node biopsy in synovial sarcoma. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2008;34:704e–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. De Corti F, Dall’Igna P, Bisogna G, et al. Sentinel node biopsy in pediatric soft tissue sarcomas of extremities. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2009;52:51–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Parida L, Morrisson GT, Shammas A, et al. Role of lymphoscintigraphy and sentinel lymph node biopsy in the management of pediatric melanoma and sarcoma. Pediatr Surg Int. 2012;28:571–8.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Hung JC, Wiseman GA, Wahner HW, et al. Filtered technetium-99m-sulfur colloid evaluated for lymphoscintigraphy. J Nucl Med. 1995;36:1895–901.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Mariani G, Gipponi M, Moresco L, et al. Radioguided sentinel lymph node biopsy in malignant cutaneous melanoma. J Nucl Med. 2002;43:811–27.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Kersey TW, Van Eyk J, Lannin DR, Chua AN, Tafra L. Comparison of intradermal and subcutaneous injections in lymphatic mapping. J Surg Res. 2001;96:255–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Alazraki N, Glass EC, Castronovo F, Valdés Olmos RA, Podoloff D. Society of Nuclear Medicine procedure guideline for lymphoscintigraphy and the use of intraoperative gamma probe for sentinel lymph node localization in melanoma of intermediate thickness: version 1.0. J Nucl Med. 2002;43:1414–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Loveless VS, Surdock CP, Bhattacharjee H. Evaluation of zeta-potential and particle size of technetium 99mTc-sulfur colloid subsequent to the addition of lidocaine and sodium bicarbonate. J Nucl Med Technol. 2010;38:49–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Stojadinovic A, Peoples GE, Jurgens JS, et al. Standard versus pH-adjusted and lidocaine supplemented radiocolloid for patients undergoing sentinel-lymph-node mapping and biopsy for early breast cancer (PASSION-P trial): a double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol. 2009;10:849–54.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Wallace AM, Han LK, Povoski SP, et al. Comparative evaluation of [99mTc]tilmanocept for sentinel lymph node mapping in breast cancer patients: Results of two phase 3 trials. Ann Surg Oncol. 2013;20:2590–9.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Temple CL, Scilley CG, Engel CJ, et al. Sentinel node biopsy in melanoma using technetium-99m rhenium colloid: the London experience. Ann Plast Surg. 2000;45:491–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Vera DR, Wallace AM, Hoh CK, Mattrey RF. A synthetic macromolecule for sentinel node detection: 99mTc-DTPA-mannosyl-dextran. J Nucl Med. 2001;42:951–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Bybel B, Neumann DR, Kim BY, Amin K, Rice T. Lymphoscintigraphy using 99mTc filtered sulfur colloid in chylothorax: a case report. J Nucl Med Technol. 2001;29:30–1.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Weissleder H, Weissleder R. Lymphedema: evaluation of qualitative and quantitative lymphoscintigraphy in 238 patients. Radiology. 1988;167:729–35.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Hindié E, Groheux D, Brenot-Rossi I, Rubello D, Moretti J-L, Espié M. The sentinel node procedure in breast cancer: nuclear medicine as the starting point. J Nucl Med. 2011;52:405–14.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Martin 2nd RC, Edwards MJ, Wong SL, et al. Practical guidelines for optimal gamma probe detection of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer: results of a multi-institutional study. Surgery. 2000;128:139–44.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Seo Y, Aparici CM, Chen CP, et al. Mapping of lymphatic drainage from the prostate using filtered 99mTc-sulfur nanocolloid and SPECT/CT. J Nucl Med. 2011;52:1068–72.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Moffatt CJ, Franks PJ, Doherty DC, et al. Lymphoedema: an underestimated health problem. Q J Med. 2003;96:731–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Rockson SG, Rivera KK. Estimating the population burden of lymphedema. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008;1131:147–54.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Smeltzer DM, Stickler GB, Schirger A. Primary lymphedema in children and adolescents: a follow-up study and review. Pediatrics. 1985;76:206–18.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Greene AK, Schook CC. Primary lymphedema: definition of onset based on developmental age. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2012;129:221e–2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Gloviczki P, Calcagno D, Schirger A, et al. Noninvasive evaluation of the swollen extremity: experiences with 190 lymphoscintigraphic examinations. J Vasc Surg. 1989;9:683–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Szuba A, Shin WS, Strauss HW, Rockson S. The third circulation: radionuclide lymphoscintigraphy in the evaluation of lymphedema. J Nucl Med. 2003;44:43–57.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. O’Brien BM, Das SK, Franklin JD, Morrison WA. Effect of lymphangiography on lymphedema. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1981;68:922–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Greene AK, Borud L, Slavin SA. Blood pressure monitoring and venipuncture in the lymphedematous extremity. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2005;116:2058–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Notohamiprodjo M, Weiss M, Baumeister R, et al. MR lymphangiography at 3.0 T: correlation with lymphoscintigraphy. Radiology. 2012;264:78–87.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Subramanyam P, Palaniswamy SS. Lymphoscintigraphy in unilateral lower limb and scrotal lymphedema caused by filariasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012;87:963–4.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Mansel RE, Khonji NI, Clarke D. History, present status, and future of sentinel node biopsy in breast cancer. Acta Oncol. 2000;39:265–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Cochran AJ, Roberts AA, Saida T. The place of lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy in oncology. Int J Clin Oncol. 2003;8:139–50.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Joint Program in Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Frederick D. Grant MD

  2. Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Frederick D. Grant MD

  3. Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Frederick D. Grant MD

  4. Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Reid A. Maclellan MD, MMSc

  5. Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Arin K. Greene MD, MMSc

Authors
  1. Frederick D. Grant MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Reid A. Maclellan MD, MMSc
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Arin K. Greene MD, MMSc
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Frederick D. Grant MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    S.Ted. Treves

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Grant, F.D., Maclellan, R.A., Greene, A.K. (2014). Lymphoscintigraphy. In: Treves, S. (eds) Pediatric Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9551-2_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9551-2_8

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-9550-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-9551-2

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation