Abstract
Major advances have been made in recent years in our understanding of anther development through a combination of genetic studies, cell biological technologies, biochemical analysis, microarray and high-throughput sequencing-based approaches. In this chapter, we summarize the widely used protocols for pollen viability staining; the investigation of anther morphogenesis by light microscopy of semi-thin sections; TUNEL assay for programmed tapetum cell death; and laser microdissection procedures to obtain specialized cells or cell layers for carrying out transcriptomics.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ma H (2005) Molecular genetic analyses of microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis in flowering plants. Annu Rev Plant Biol 56:393–434
Singh MB, Bhalla PL (2007) Control of male germ-cell development in flowering plants. Bioessays 29:1124–1132
Alexander MP (1969) Differential staining of aborted and nonaborted pollen. Stain Technol 44:117–122
Jones KH, Senft JA (1985) An improved method to determine cell viability by simultaneous staining with fluorescein diacetate-propidium iodide. J Histochem Cytochem 33:77–79
Zhang H, Zdolsek JM, Brunk UT (1991) Effects of alloxan and reducing agents on macrophages in culture. APMIS 99:1038–1048
Smith DJ, Oliver CE, Caton JS et al (2005) Effect of sodium [36Cl]chlorate dose on total radioactive residues and residues of parent chlorate in beef cattle. J Agric Food Chem 53:7352–7360
Zhu QH, Ramm K, Shivakkumar R et al (2004) The ANTHER INDEHISCENCE1 gene encoding a single MYB domain protein is involved in anther development in rice. Plant Physiol 135:1514–1525
Pressman E, Peet MM, Pharr DM (2002) The effect of heat stress on tomato pollen characteristics is associated with changes in carbohydrate concentration in the developing anthers. Ann Bot 90:631–636
Mamun EA, Alfred S, Cantrill LC et al (2006) Effects of chilling on male gametophyte development in rice. Cell Biol Int 30:583–591
Rhee SY, Somerville CR (1998) Tetrad pollen formation in quartet mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana is associated with persistence of pectic polysaccharides of the pollen mother cell wall. Plant J 15:79–88
Worrall D, Hird DL, Hodge R et al (1992) Premature dissolution of the microsporocyte callose wall causes male sterility in transgenic tobacco. Plant Cell 4:759–771
Yeung EC, Oinam GS, Yeung SS et al (2011) Anther, pollen and tapetum development in safflower, Carthamus tinctorius L. Sex Plant Reprod 24:307–317
Dong X, Hong Z, Sivaramakrishnan M et al (2005) Callose synthase (CalS5) is required for exine formation during microgametogenesis and for pollen viability in Arabidopsis. Plant J 42:315–328
Zhang ZB, Zhu J, Gao JF et al (2007) Transcription factor AtMYB103 is required for anther development by regulating tapetum development, callose dissolution and exine formation in Arabidopsis. Plant J 52:528–538
Phan HA, Iacuone S, Li SF et al (2011) The MYB80 transcription factor is required for pollen development and the regulation of tapetal programmed cell death in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell 23:2209–2224
Li H, Yuan Z, Vizcay-Barrena G et al (2011) PERSISTENT TAPETAL CELL1 encodes a PHD-finger protein that is required for tapetal cell death and pollen development in rice. Plant Physiol 156:615–630
Rogers HJ (2006) Programmed cell death in floral organs: how and why do flowers die? Ann Bot 97:309–315
Li X, Gao X, Wei Y et al (2011) Rice APOPTOSIS INHIBITOR5 coupled with two DEAD-box adenosine 5′-triphosphate-dependent RNA helicases regulates tapetum degeneration. Plant Cell 23:1416–1434
Varnier AL, Mazeyrat-Gourbeyre F, Sangwan RS et al (2005) Programmed cell death progressively models the development of anther sporophytic tissues from the tapetum and is triggered in pollen grains during maturation. J Struct Biol 152:118–128
Zhang C, Guinel FC, Moffatt BA (2002) A comparative ultrastructural study of pollen development in Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Columbia and male-sterile mutant apt1-3. Protoplasma 219:9–71
Takahashi H, Kamakura H, Sato Y et al (2010) A method for obtaining high quality RNA from paraffin sections of plant tissues by laser microdissection. J Plant Res 123:807–813
Barbazuk WB, Emrich SJ, Chen HD et al (2007) SNP discovery via 454 transcriptome sequencing. Plant J 51:910–918
Ohtsu K, Takahashi H, Schnable PS et al (2007) Cell type-specific gene expression profiling in plants by using a combination of laser microdissection and high-throughput technologies. Plant Cell Physiol 48:3–7
Taylor TB, Nambiar PR, Raja R et al (2004) Microgenomics: Identification of new expression profiles via small and single-cell sample analyses. Cytometry A 59:254–261
Zheng Z, Andersson AF, Ye W et al (2011) A method for metagenomics of Helicobacter pylori from archived formalin-fixed gastric biopsies permitting longitudinal studies of carcinogenic risk. PLoS One 6:e26442
Murphy SJ, Cheville JC, Zarei S et al (2012) Mate pair sequencing of whole-genome-amplified DNA following laser capture microdissection of prostate cancer. DNA Res 19:395–406
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media, New York
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Chang, F., Zhang, Z., Jin, Y., Ma, H. (2014). Cell Biological Analyses of Anther Morphogenesis and Pollen Viability in Arabidopsis and Rice. In: Riechmann, J., Wellmer, F. (eds) Flower Development. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1110. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9408-9_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9408-9_9
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-9407-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-9408-9
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols