Abstract
It has been estimated that 1.5 % of the general population complains of excessive daytime sleepiness or excessive sleep amounts consistent with a hypersomnia disorder. Narcolepsy is a neurological disorder affecting the regulation of sleep and wakefulness. It is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy (sudden temporary inability to move), and other rapid eye movement (REM) sleep-associated manifestations (e.g., hypnagogic hallucinations and sleep paralysis).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Mignot EJ. A practical guide to the therapy of narcolepsy and hypersomnia syndromes. Neurotherapeutics. 2012;9(4):739–52.
Sonka K, Susta M. Diagnosis and management of central hypersomnias. Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 2012;5(5):297–305.
Thorpy M. Understanding and diagnosing shift work disorder. Postgrad Med. 2011;123(5):96–105.
Okuro M, Fujiki N, Kotorii N, Ishimaru Y, Sokoloff P, Nishino S. Effects of paraxanthine and caffeine on sleep, locomotor activity, and body temperature in orexin/ataxin-3 transgenic narcoleptic mice. Sleep. 2010;33(7):930–42.
Kolla BP, Auger RR. Jet lag and shift work sleep disorders: how to help reset the internal clock. Cleve Clin J Med. 2011;78(10):675–84.
Muehlbach MJ, Walsh JK. The effects of caffeine on simulated night-shift work and subsequent daytime sleep. Sleep. 1995;18(1):22–9.
Ker K, Edwards PJ, Felix LM, Blackhall K, Roberts I. Caffeine for the prevention of injuries and errors in shift workers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(5):CD008508.
Solt K, Cotten JF, Cimenser A, Wong KF, Chemali JJ, Brown EN. Methylphenidate actively induces emergence from general anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 2011;115(4):791–803.
Chemali JJ, Van Dort CJ, Brown EN, Solt K. Active emergence from propofol general anesthesia is induced by methylphenidate. Anesthesiology. 2012;116(5):998–1005.
Larijani GE, Goldberg ME, Hojat M, Khaleghi B, Dunn JB, Marr AT. Modafinil improves recovery after general anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 2004;98(4):976–81.
Galvin E, Boesjes H, Hol J, Ubben JF, Klein J, Verbrugge SJ. Modafinil reduces patient-reported tiredness after sedation/analgesia but does not improve patient psychomotor skills. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2010;54(2):154–61.
Chambers NA, Pascoe E, Kaplanian S, Forsyth I. Ingestion of stimulant medications does not alter bispectral index or clinical depth of anesthesia at 1 MAC sevoflurane in children. Paediatr Anaesth. 2012;22(4):341–4.
Morimoto Y, Nogami Y, Harada K, Shiramoto H, Moguchi T. Anesthetic management of a patient with narcolepsy. J Anesth. 2011;25(3):435–7.
Webster L, Andrews M, Stoddard G. Modafinil treatment of opioid-induced sedation. Pain Med. 2003;4(2):135–40.
Roth T. Appropriate therapeutic selection for patients with shift work disorder. Sleep Med. 2012;13(4):335–41.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Chemical Structures
Chemical Structure 23.1
Amphetamine (Adderall)
Chemical Structure 23.2
Modafinil (Provigil)
Chemical Structure 23.3
Armodafinil (Nuvigil)
Chemical Structure 23.4
Caffeine
Chemical Structure 23.5
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
Chemical Structure 23.6
Atomoxetine (Strattera) HCl
Chemical Structure 23.7
Sodium oxybate
Chemical Structure 23.8
Methylphenidate
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hsu, E.S. (2015). Central Nervous System Stimulants. In: Kaye, A., Kaye, A., Urman, R. (eds) Essentials of Pharmacology for Anesthesia, Pain Medicine, and Critical Care. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8948-1_23
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8948-1_23
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-8947-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-8948-1
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)