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Monitoring ENT Procedures

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Principles of Neurophysiological Assessment, Mapping, and Monitoring

Abstract

Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IOM) is used during procedures of the head and neck. Procedures to remove tumors of the thyroid, parathyroid, and parotid glands put cranial nerves at risk, specifically the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) (branch of CNX) and the facial nerve [1]. Electrophysiological testing and monitoring of the cranial nerves at risk accomplishes three goals: (1) to identify the nerve within the surgical field for the purposes of aiding the surgeon in avoiding damage to the nerve during the procedure, (2) to monitor the nerve during the course of the procedure in order to provide real-time feedback to the surgeon about the activity of the nerve, and (3) to provide the surgeon with a prognostic indicator of postoperative nerve function by assessing the stimulation threshold of the nerve at the end of the procedure [2]. These three goals of IOM for ENT procedures contribute to the overall mission of IOM to reduce the incidence of iatrogenic neurological injury. This chapter discusses practical applications of intraoperative monitoring for thyroidectomy, parathyroidectomy, and parotidectomy.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA

    Denise Birkholz Ph.D.,CNIM & Scott Francis Davis Ph.D.,CNIM

  2. Department of Anesthesiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA

    Scott Francis Davis Ph.D.,CNIM

Authors
  1. Denise Birkholz Ph.D.,CNIM
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  2. Scott Francis Davis Ph.D.,CNIM
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Scott Francis Davis Ph.D.,CNIM .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA

    Alan David Kaye

  2. Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA

    Scott Francis Davis

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© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Birkholz, D., Davis, S.F. (2014). Monitoring ENT Procedures. In: Kaye, A., Davis, S. (eds) Principles of Neurophysiological Assessment, Mapping, and Monitoring. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8942-9_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8942-9_16

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-8941-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-8942-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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