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Endocrine Function

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High Altitude

Abstract

Adaptation to a stressful environment such as altitude hypoxia will affect most hormonal systems. Stress hormones (cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine, prolactin) are stimulated in acute hypoxia but adrenergic system is down-regulated in prolonged hypoxia. Thyroid hormone is increased in hypoxia, with no change in TSH. Parathromone is stimulated and parathromone receptors desensitized with prolonged exposure. Leptin is increased and ghrelin decreased with exposure to hypoxia. Growth hormone is poorly affected by acute hypoxia and exercise-induced GH response is potentiated by acute hypoxia. LH and FSH decrease with acute hypoxia. The hypophyseal response to hypothalamic factors is not substantially modified in altitude hypoxia. The possible role of hypoxia-inducible factors in the regulation of hormones at high altitude remains to be explored.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    This paragraph was written in collaboration with Didier Chapelot.

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  1. Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 74 rue Marcel Cachin, 93017, Bobigny, France

    Jean-Paul Richalet M.D., Ph.D.

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  1. Jean-Paul Richalet M.D., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Jean-Paul Richalet M.D., Ph.D. .

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  1. University of Washington, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington, USA

    Erik R. Swenson

  2. Medical University Clinic, Heidelberg, Germany

    Peter Bärtsch

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Richalet, JP. (2014). Endocrine Function. In: Swenson, E., Bärtsch, P. (eds) High Altitude. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8772-2_12

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