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Therapy Resistance in Prostate Cancer: A Stem Cell Perspective

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Stem Cells: Current Challenges and New Directions

Part of the book series: Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine ((STEMCELL))

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Abstract

Primary human prostate cancers are frequently treated with radiotherapy and subsequently with compounds which block the response to male sex hormones. After the failure of these treatments, the tumours are notoriously resistant to standard chemotherapies. Such therapy resistance has been ascribed to the heterogeneous cellular nature of the tumours and the ability of tumours to rapidly sustain mutations to counteract therapy. This is inconsistent with the low rate of mismatch repair seen in prostate cancer. An alternative and complementary explanation lies in the existence of a therapy-resistant core of cells within the heterogeneous tumour mass. These cells, frequently termed cancer stem cells, exhibit a less-differentiated, basal phenotype, which is resistant to therapies directed against the majority luminal cell population in prostate cancers. The cancer stem cells are largely quiescent, rendering them resistant to cell cycle and proliferation-based therapies.

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Acknowledgments

We wish to thank Yorkshire Cancer Research for the provision of programme and project support to the Cancer Research Unit, Mark Meuth (Univ of Sheffield) for discussion and input on DNA repair mechanisms, and the White Rose Studentship Network for support of S.K.

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  1. Department of Biology, YCR Cancer Research Unit, University of York, Heslington, North Yorkshire, YO10 5DD, UK

    Sandra Klein, Fiona M. Frame & Norman J. Maitland

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  1. Sandra Klein
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  2. Fiona M. Frame
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  3. Norman J. Maitland
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Correspondence to Norman J. Maitland .

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  1. Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

    Kursad Turksen

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Klein, S., Frame, F.M., Maitland, N.J. (2013). Therapy Resistance in Prostate Cancer: A Stem Cell Perspective. In: Turksen, K. (eds) Stem Cells: Current Challenges and New Directions. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8066-2_13

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