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Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cell Transplantation: From Tissue Regeneration to Immune Modulation

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Abstract

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) were originally isolated from bone marrow (BM) more than 40 years ago. The earliest clinical utilization of these cells was for their bone marrow supportive activity and repair of bone and cartilage. However, over the last decade, MSCs have generated a much higher level of enthusiasm and are now being investigated for a much wider range of clinical indications due to a multitude of tissue regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. For example, in vitro and in vivo data indicate that MSCs are not as immunogenic as other somatic cells, can modulate/suppress immunological responses through interactions with different immune cells, and participate in repair of different types of tissues through their paracrine effects, such as secretion of cytokines and growth factors. Although MSCs have not yet proven to be unequivocally effective for any specific indication, they have been kept at the forefront of cellular and regenerative medicine due to their ease of ex vivo production, their impressive record of safety in a wide variety of clinical scenarios, and their intriguing immunomodulatory properties that allow them to be used as a universal type of cell therapy.

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  1. Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 4033 WIMR, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA

    Peiman Hematti M.D.

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Correspondence to Peiman Hematti M.D. .

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  1. New York State Health Department Wadsworth Center, Albany, New York, USA

    Stewart Sell

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Hematti, P. (2013). Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cell Transplantation: From Tissue Regeneration to Immune Modulation. In: Sell, S. (eds) Stem Cells Handbook. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7696-2_27

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