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Novel Antigenic Targets for Immunotherapy in Myeloma

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Advances in Biology and Therapy of Multiple Myeloma

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Abstract

Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most commonly diagnosed hematologic malignancy after non-Hodgkin lymphoma and remains incurable in most of patients despite advances in high-dose chemotherapy, stem cell transplantation, and the development of novel therapeutics. Strategies for posttransplantation immunomodulation are desirable for eradication of remaining tumor cells. However, active immunotherapies using idiotype protein vaccines have been explored in MM patients, and the results have been disappointing. This chapter will concentrate on novel antigenic targets that are being targeted or can be targeted for immunotherapies to treat patients with MM. I will review the results of targeting idiotype proteins in preclinical and clinical studies of immunotherapies in MM conducted in the past 14 years. Moreover, the potentials of novel antigenic targets for myeloma immunotherapies, either through active immunization or vaccination or by adoptive immunotherapy using antigen-specific monoclonal antibodies, will be discussed in detail. With a better understanding of the immune system and tumor microenvironment in myeloma patients, as well as identification and development of novel targets and methods for immune targeting, there is a realistic hope that immunotherapies will soon be a part of conventional treatment modalities in MM and help control or even cure the disease.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by institutional start-up funds from the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, the Center for Targeted Therapy of The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, grants from the National Cancer Institute (R01 CA96569, R01 CA103978, and R01 CA138402), the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society, Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation, and Commonwealth Foundation for Cancer Research. I thank Mrs. Kimberly Jensen for providing editorial assistance.

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  1. Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, Center for Cancer Immunology Research, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 0903, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    Qing Yi M.D., Ph.D.

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  1. Qing Yi M.D., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Qing Yi M.D., Ph.D. .

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  1. Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Binney St. 44 44, Boston, 02115, Massachusetts, USA

    Nikhil C. Munshi

  2. Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Dept. Medical Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Binney St. 44, Boston, 02115, Massachusetts, USA

    Kenneth C. Anderson

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Conflict-of-interest disclosure: The author declares no competing financial interests.

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Yi, Q. (2013). Novel Antigenic Targets for Immunotherapy in Myeloma. In: Munshi, N., Anderson, K. (eds) Advances in Biology and Therapy of Multiple Myeloma. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5260-7_2

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