Abstract
De-institutionalization and the development of community-based care for the severely mentally ill began in the United States in the late 1950s and accelerated in the second half of the 1960s (Mechanic and Rochefort 1990). In the late 1970s, literature began to appear specifically concerned with the role of the psychiatrist in the community-based system that by then had taken shape (Winslow 1979; Ribner 1980; Langsley and Barter 1983; Donovan 1980).
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Notes
- 1.
In present usage only the first category is universally referred to as “medical director.” The second category is often referred to as “clinical director,” and the last category simply as “director.”
- 2.
Here is it important to recall that prior to about 1870 hospitals were a place where the poor went to die, but that after the advent of modern medicine they become by 1930 a place where citizens of all classes went to be treated (Starr 1982)
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Rosenheck, S., Ranz, J.M. (2012). The Medical Director in Community-Based Mental Health Care. In: McQuistion, H., Sowers, W., Ranz, J., Feldman, J. (eds) Handbook of Community Psychiatry. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3149-7_44
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