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Development from Conception through Adolescence: Physiological and Psychosocial Factors Impacting Children with Special Health Care Needs

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Handbook of Children with Special Health Care Needs

Abstract

Human development for children with special health care needs (CSHCN) can be approached from purely psychological/psychosocial or physiological perspectives. Nevertheless, both of these developmental perspectives are rooted in the combined genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors that uniquely shape each individual. With advances in genomics, we are finding that every person experiences disability and special needs, whether major or minor in extent, and that childhood and adolescent physiology and behaviors derive from events in utero and even earlier in the individual’s ancestry. Therefore, we start with theories of psychosocial development, mostly nonbiological in scope, then trace back to physical development from conception to birth, and conclude with a summary of “birth defects,” that is, conditions monitored by public health systems and that arise from genetic, cell division, or environmental exposures in utero that impact later physical and psychosocial development. The ultimate goals are to illustrate Wilson’s consilience concept as applied to human development as well as contextual, biopsychosocial approaches (e.g., theInternational Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) towards improving CSHCN life outcomes from social and community perspectives.

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Abbreviations

CDC:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

CSHCN:

Children with Special Health Care Needs

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

DSM-IV:

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition

ICF:

International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health

NBDPN:

National Birth Defects Prevention Network

NCBDDD:

National Center for Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities

NORD:

National Organization for Rare Disorders

OMIM:

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man

RNA:

Ribonucleic Acid

WHO:

World Health Organization

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  1. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 7530, 27599, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Jr. David Hollar Ph.D., MS

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  1. Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina, 410 Berryhill, Chapel Hill, 27599-7575, North Carolina, USA

    David Hollar

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Hollar, D. (2012). Development from Conception through Adolescence: Physiological and Psychosocial Factors Impacting Children with Special Health Care Needs. In: Hollar, D. (eds) Handbook of Children with Special Health Care Needs. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2335-5_15

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