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A Peripheral Alternative to Central Nervous System Myelin Repair

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Myelin Repair and Neuroprotection in Multiple Sclerosis

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Abstract

The use of peripheral nervous system (PNS) Schwann cells (SC) in central nervous system (CNS) repair has been an intensely studied strategy to support and myelinate regenerating axons (reviewed in Lavdas et al. 2008; Oudega et al. 2006). For myelin repair, likewise, SC-based strategy presented several advantages over the use of oligodendrocytes precursors (OPC) or CNS stem cells. Indeed, while newly formed oligodendrocytes and the myelin they make remain as targets of inflammatory attacks, new peripheral myelin is preserved. Additionally, the thickness of newly formed PNS myelin is closer to developmental CNS myelin than newly formed central myelin seen on remyelination of CNS axons. Furthermore, internodal lengths generated by exogenous SC-derived myelin resemble intact endogenous myelin internodes more closely from a morphological point of view, than newly formed ones. For these reasons, the use of SC transplantation in demyelinating lesions has been extensively explored during the past decades. More recently, olfactory ensheathing cells (OEC) then multipotent or pluripotent stem/precursor cells emerged as candidates of interest to generate peripheral myelin around CNS axons.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank INSERM, ARSEP, and ELA who supported the work performed by the authors and all the past and present members of the Baron’s laboratory who made major contributions to the development of this field of research. In particular, we would like to thank Virginia Avellana, François Lachapelle, Corinne Bachelin, and Marie Vidal for their major input in experiments conducted in Paris.

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  1. ICM, 5ème étage, pièce 5.031, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, UPMC-Paris6, UMR_S 975, Inserm U 975, CNRS UMR 7225, 47 bd de l’Hôpital, Paris, 75013, France

    V. Zujovic & A. Baron Van Evercooren

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  1. V. Zujovic
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  2. A. Baron Van Evercooren
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Correspondence to A. Baron Van Evercooren .

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  1. School Veterinary Medicine, Dept. Medical Sciences, University of Wisconsin Madison, Linden Drive West 2015, Madison, 53706-1102, Wisconsin, USA

    Ian D. Duncan

  2. Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Ce, and Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, United Kingdom

    Robin J M Franklin

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Zujovic, V., Van Evercooren, A.B. (2013). A Peripheral Alternative to Central Nervous System Myelin Repair. In: Duncan, I., Franklin, R. (eds) Myelin Repair and Neuroprotection in Multiple Sclerosis. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2218-1_6

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