Abstract
Musculoskeletal involvement constitutes the most frequent problem seen in patients with SLE. The majority of patients will describe joint pain and achiness either at the onset of the disease or later during its course. Yet the frequency of arthralgia or arthritis in lupus populations is quiet variable; for example, in one series described by Fries, it was observed in 53 % of 193 patients, and in the Dubois series, it was described at some time during the course of the illness in 92 % of 520 patients. Although the traditional teaching considers lupus arthritis to be nondeforming and nonerosive, there are many exceptions to this rule.
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Helfgott, S.M. (2012). Musculoskeletal Manifestations of SLE. In: Schur, P., Massarotti, E. (eds) Lupus Erythematosus. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1189-5_7
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