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Corneal Nerves

Useful for Ophthalmology But Indispensable for Neurology

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In Vivo Confocal Microscopy in Eye Disease

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Abstract

Sight is essential for our survival and given that the cornea accounts for almost two thirds of the eye’s optical power it has optimally evolved to protect this most important of senses. Hence, our cornea is endowed with the richest sensory supply in the human body comprised mainly of unmyelinated C-fibers in the subbasal nerve plexus and thinly myelinated Aδ-fibers in the stroma. They exhibit both afferent and efferent functions offering protection from noxious stimuli and playing an important role in tear secretion, blinking and wound healing. There is also sparse sympathetic innervation predominantly located in the limbal stroma. Over the last two decades, the advent of in-vivo corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) has led to a growing interest in quantifying corneal nerves in ophthalmic and systemic diseases. We focus on corneal nerve alterations in health and disease and the utility of CCM as an imaging endpoint in neurodegenerative disease.

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  1. Research Division, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar of Cornell University, Doha, Qatar

    Ioannis N. Petropoulos & Rayaz A. Malik

  2. Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiac Centre, University of Manchester and NIHR Clinical Research Facility, Manchester, UK

    Rayaz A. Malik

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Petropoulos, I.N., Malik, R.A. (2022). Corneal Nerves. In: In Vivo Confocal Microscopy in Eye Disease. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-7517-9_6

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