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Air Pollution, Lipids and Atherosclerosis

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Air Pollution and Health Effects

Part of the book series: Molecular and Integrative Toxicology ((MOLECUL))

Abstract

Air Pollution has been associated with significant adverse health effects leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Cumulative epidemiological and experimental data have shown that exposure to air pollutants leads to increased cardiovascular ischemic events and enhanced atherosclerosis. The strongest associations are with the particulate matter (PM) components of air pollution, and it appears that the smaller particles are more pathogenic and have a greater ability to induce systemic vascular effects. Although it is unclear how the exposure to air pollutants can affect the systemic vasculature, it is likely that various mechanistic pathways participate including the induction of systemic pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory responses which are now thought to play a central role. Air pollutants lead to oxidative alterations of plasma lipoproteins that increase the atherogenicity of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and decrease the protective effects of high-density lipoproteins (HDL). This chapter reviews the epidemiological, clinical and experimental animal evidence that support the association of air pollutants with systemic pro-oxidant effects resulting in alteration of plasma lipoproteins and enhanced atherosclerosis.

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Acknowledgments

Writing of this article was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (ONES RO1 Award ES016959 to Jesus A. Araujo).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, CHS 43-264, 90095, 951679, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Jesus A. Araujo M.D., Ph.D.

  2. Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

    Michael E. Rosenfeld Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Jesus A. Araujo M.D., Ph.D.
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  2. Michael E. Rosenfeld Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Jesus A. Araujo M.D., Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA

    Srikanth S. Nadadur

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

    John W. Hollingsworth

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Araujo, J.A., Rosenfeld, M.E. (2015). Air Pollution, Lipids and Atherosclerosis. In: Nadadur, S., Hollingsworth, J. (eds) Air Pollution and Health Effects. Molecular and Integrative Toxicology. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6669-6_9

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