Metastatic Bone Carcinoma

Abstract

A growth of malignant cells in the bone originating from a primary tumor elsewhere. The lung, the liver, and the skeleton are the most involved sites of a metastatic process. It is found most frequently in the older population. Rare in the pediatric age. The bones most frequently involved by metastatic tumors are the skull, spine, rib, pelvis, humerus, and femur (there is a known predilection for areas containing red marrow). Single or multiple lesions can be found. These include sclerotic or lytic or the presence of both types (sclerotic and lytic). Radiologically single or multiple lesions can be found. These include sclerotic or lytic or the presence of both types (sclerotic and lytic). Most common primary carcinomas that metastasize in bone are: breast, prostate, lung, kidney, and gastrointestinal carcinomas. Ancillary technique, especially immunohistochemistry, is useful to diagnose the primary lesion. The combination of surgical procedures and radiation and/or other therapies can be of value when managing metastatic carcinomas involving the bones.