Skip to main content

Quality Improvement in Noninvasive Imaging: Present and Future Initiatives

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Care

Abstract

Indicators of quality services in pediatric and congenital echocardiography include structural, process, and outcome factors. Structural indicators involve the available resources related to the facility, the equipment, and the staff. Process indicators relate primarily to the activities and tasks associated with echocardiography, and these include patient selection as well as study performance, interpretation, and reporting. Outcome indicators involve the results of quality services and are intimately related to quality improvement activities as well as quality metrics. Current quality improvement activities in the field of pediatric and congenital echocardiography include development of the accreditation process for sonographers, physicians, and echocardiography laboratories; evaluation of productivity standards within echocardiography laboratories; identification of appropriate use criteria specific to pediatric and congenital echocardiography; and establishment of a robust database of normal reference values for cardiovascular measurements in children. Candidate quality metrics currently in development involve reporting of critical results, adverse events with sedated studies, variability of echocardiographic measurements, diagnostic errors, study completeness, and image quality.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 179.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Popescu BA, Andrade MJ, Badano LP, Fox KF, Flachskampf FA, Lancellotti P, et al. European Association of Echocardiography recommendations for training, competence, and quality improvement in echocardiography. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2009;10(8):893–905. Epub 2009/11/06.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Picard MH, Adams D, Bierig SM, Dent JM, Douglas PS, Gillam LD, et al. American Society of Echocardiography recommendations for quality echocardiography laboratory operations. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2011;24(1):1–10. Epub 2010/12/22.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Mainz J. Defining and classifying clinical indicators for quality improvement. Int J Qual Health Care. 2003;15(6):523–30. Epub 2003/12/09.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Douglas PS, Khandheria B, Stainback RF, Weissman NJ, Brindis RG, Patel MR, et al. ACCF/ASE/ACEP/ASNC/SCAI/SCCT/SCMR 2007 appropriateness criteria for transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Quality Strategic Directions Committee Appropriateness Criteria Working Group, American Society of Echocardiography, American College of Emergency Physicians, American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, and the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. Endorsed by the American College of Chest Physicians and the Society of Critical Care Medicine. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2007;20(7):787–805. Epub 2007/07/10.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Douglas PS, Garcia MJ, Haines DE, Lai WW, Manning WJ, Patel AR, et al. ACCF/ASE/AHA/ASNC/HFSA/HRS/SCAI/SCCM/SCCT/SCMR 2011 appropriate use Criteria for echocardiography. A eport of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Appropriate Use Criteria Task Force, American Society of Echocardiography, American Heart Association, American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, Heart Failure Society of America, Heart Rhythm Society, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Critical Care Medicine, Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance American College of Chest Physicians. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2011;24(3):229–67.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Nagueh SF, Appleton CP, Gillebert TC, Marino PN, Oh JK, Smiseth OA, et al. Recommendations for the evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function by echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2009;22(2):107–33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Zoghbi WA, Chambers JB, Dumesnil JG, Foster E, Gottdiener JS, Grayburn PA, et al. Recommendations for evaluation of prosthetic valves with echocardiography and doppler ultrasound: a report From the American Society of Echocardiography’s Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Task Force on Prosthetic Valves, developed in conjunction with the American College of Cardiology Cardiovascular Imaging Committee, Cardiac Imaging Committee of the American Heart Association, the European Association of Echocardiography, a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology, the Japanese Society of Echocardiography and the Canadian Society of Echocardiography, endorsed by the American College of Cardiology Foundation, American Heart Association, European Association of Echocardiography, a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology, the Japanese Society of Echocardiography, and Canadian Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2009;22(9):975–1014; quiz 82–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Rudski LG, Lai WW, Afilalo J, Hua L, Handschumacher MD, Chandrasekaran K, et al. Guidelines for the echocardiographic assessment of the right heart in adults: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography endorsed by the European Association of Echocardiography, a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology, and the Canadian Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2010;23(7):685–713; quiz 86–8. Epub 2010/07/14.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Mor-Avi V, Lang RM, Badano LP, Belohlavek M, Cardim NM, Derumeaux G, et al. Current and evolving echocardiographic techniques for the quantitative evaluation of cardiac mechanics: ASE/EAE consensus statement on methodology and indications endorsed by the Japanese Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2011;24(3):277–313.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Lang RM, Badano LP, Tsang W, Adams DH, Agricola E, Buck T, et al. EAE/ASE recommendations for image acquisition and display using three-dimensional echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2012;25(1):3–46.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Lai WW, Geva T, Shirali GS, Frommelt PC, Humes RA, Brook MM, et al. Guidelines and standards for performance of a pediatric echocardiogram: a report from the Task Force of the Pediatric Council of the American Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2006;19(12):1413–30.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Lopez L, Colan SD, Frommelt PC, Ensing GJ, Kendall K, Younoszai AK, et al. Recommendations for quantification methods during the performance of a pediatric echocardiogram: a report from the Pediatric Measurements Writing Group of the American Society of Echocardiography Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease Council. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2010;23(5):465–95; quiz 576–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Ayres NA, Miller-Hance W, Fyfe DA, Stevenson JG, Sahn DJ, Young LT, et al. Indications and guidelines for performance of transesophageal echocardiography in the patient with pediatric acquired or congenital heart disease: report from the task force of the Pediatric Council of the American Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2005;18(1):91–8. Epub 2005/01/08.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Rychik J, Ayres N, Cuneo B, Gotteiner N, Hornberger L, Spevak PJ, et al. American Society of Echocardiography guidelines and standards for performance of the fetal echocardiogram. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2004;17(7):803–10. Epub 2004/06/29.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Mertens L, Seri I, Marek J, Arlettaz R, Barker P, McNamara P, et al. Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: practice guidelines and recommendations for training. Writing Group of the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) in collaboration with the European Association of Echocardiography (EAE) and the Association for European Pediatric Cardiologists (AEPC). J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2011;24(10):1057–78.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. ACGME. ACGME program requirements for graduate medical education in pediatric cardiology. Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education website; 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Sanders SP, Colan SD, Cordes TM, Donofrio MT, Ensing GJ, Geva T, et al. ACCF/AHA/AAP recommendations for training in pediatric cardiology. Task force 2: pediatric training guidelines for noninvasive cardiac imaging endorsed by the American Society of Echocardiography and the Society of Pediatric Echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46(7):1384–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. IAC. The IAC standards and guidelines for pediatric echocardiography accreditation. Intersocietal Accreditation Commission website; 2013.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Margossian R, Schwartz ML, Prakash A, Wruck L, Colan SD, Atz AM, et al. Comparison of echocardiographic and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging measurements of functional single ventricular volumes, mass, and ejection fraction (from the Pediatric Heart Network Fontan Cross-Sectional Study). Am J Cardiol. 2009;104(3):419–28.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Soriano BD, Hoch M, Ithuralde A, Geva T, Powell AJ, Kussman BD, et al. Matrix-array 3-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of volumes, mass, and ejection fraction in young pediatric patients with a functional single ventricle: a comparison study with cardiac magnetic resonance. Circulation. 2008;117(14):1842–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. van den Bosch AE, Ten Harkel DJ, McGhie JS, Roos-Hesselink JW, Simoons ML, Bogers AJ, et al. Surgical validation of real-time transthoracic 3D echocardiographic assessment of atrioventricular septal defects. Int J Cardiol. 2006;112(2):213–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Sadagopan SN, Veldtman GR, Sivaprakasam MC, Keeton BR, Gnanapragasam JP, Salmon AP, et al. Correlations with operative anatomy of real time three-dimensional echocardiographic imaging of congenital aortic valvar stenosis. Cardiol Young. 2006;16(5):490–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Colan SD, Shirali G, Margossian R, Gallagher D, Altmann K, Canter C, et al. The ventricular volume variability study of the Pediatric Heart Network: study design and impact of beat averaging and variable type on the reproducibility of echocardiographic measurements in children with chronic dilated cardiomyopathy. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2012;25(8):842–54 e6.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Cohen MS, Anderson RH, Cohen MI, Atz AM, Fogel M, Gruber PJ, et al. Controversies, genetics, diagnostic assessment, and outcomes relating to the heterotaxy syndrome. Cardiol Young. 2007;17 Suppl 2:29–43. Epub 2008/02/23.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Franklin RC, Jacobs JP, Tchervenkov CI, Beland MJ. Bidirectional crossmap of the Short Lists of the European Paediatric Cardiac Code and the International Congenital Heart Surgery Nomenclature and Database Project. Cardiol Young. 2002;12(5):431–5. Epub 2005/03/19.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Franklin RC, Jacobs JP, Krogmann ON, Beland MJ, Aiello VD, Colan SD, et al. Nomenclature for congenital and paediatric cardiac disease: historical perspectives and The International Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Code. Cardiol Young. 2008;18 Suppl 2:70–80. Epub 2008/12/17.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. IOM. Crossing the quality chasm: a new health system for the 21st century. Institute of Medicine website; 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Mertens L, Miller O, Fox K, Simpson J. Certification in echocardiography of congenital heart disease: experience of the first 6 years of a European process. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;14(2):142–8. Epub 2012/06/28.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Sluysmans T, Colan SD. Theoretical and empirical derivation of cardiovascular allometric relationships in children. J Appl Physiol. 2005;99(2):445–57.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Sarikouch S, Peters B, Gutberlet M, Leismann B, Kelter-Kloepping A, Koerperich H, et al. Sex-specific pediatric percentiles for ventricular size and mass as reference values for cardiac MRI: assessment by steady-state free-precession and phase-contrast MRI flow. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2010;3(1):65–76. Epub 2009/10/13.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Lamers L, Ensing G, Pignatelli R, Goldberg C, Bezold L, Ayres N, et al. A prospective assessment of myocardial contractility in young African Americans: does ethnicity impact the wall stress-heart rate-corrected velocity of circumferential fiber shortening relationship? J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2005;18(7):743–8. Epub 2005/07/09.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Zilberman MV, Khoury PR, Kimball RT. Two-dimensional echocardiographic valve measurements in healthy children: gender-specific differences. Pediatr Cardiol. 2005;26(4):356–60.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Pettersen MD, Du W, Skeens ME, Humes RA. Regression equations for calculation of z scores of cardiac structures in a large cohort of healthy infants, children, and adolescents: an echocardiographic study. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2008;21(8):922–34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Cantinotti M, Scalese M, Molinaro S, Murzi B, Passino C. Limitations of current echocardiographic nomograms for left ventricular, valvular, and arterial dimensions in children: a critical review. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2012;25(2):142–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Benavidez OJ, Gauvreau K, Jenkins KJ, Geva T. Diagnostic errors in pediatric echocardiography: development of taxonomy and identification of risk factors. Circulation. 2008;117(23):2995–3001. Epub 2008/06/04.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Leo Lopez MD, FASE, FACC, FAAP .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer-Verlag London

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Lopez, L. (2015). Quality Improvement in Noninvasive Imaging: Present and Future Initiatives. In: Barach, P., Jacobs, J., Lipshultz, S., Laussen, P. (eds) Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Care. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6566-8_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6566-8_14

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-6565-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-6566-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics