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Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for Therapeutic Applications

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Regenerative Medicine

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Abstract

Adipose tissue contains several types of stem and progenitor cells, including the adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs), the endothelial progenitor cells, and the hematopoietic and immune system cells. ADSCs share most of phenotypical and functional characteristics of the mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC): the bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell (BM-MSC) or MSC presents in the cord blood, placenta, and umbilical cord. The basic function of ADSC is the preservation of the adipose tissue integrity by the production of adipocytes in the intensity proportional to their degradation. Recently it has been proven that the adipose tissue may contain more MSC-like cells than the bone marrow (which serve as the “gold standard” of cells available for autologous cellular therapies. ADSCs are not only able to differentiate into adipo-, chondro-, or osteogenic lineages but also participate in the formation of the endothelium; smooth, skeletal, or cardiac muscle; hepatocytes; or neural cells. It remains unclear in which extent adipose tissue serves as the natural depository of stem cells, supplying “on-demand” cells for tissue regeneration. ADSCs are the abundant source of autologous stem cells for regenerative medicine techniques, being present in humans throughout all their lifetime.

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Supported by the EC Innovative Economy Programme, Priority 1, Strategic Programme 1.1.2. “Bioimplants for the treatment of bone tissue lesions in oncological patients (Bio-Implant)”.

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  1. Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, W. K. Roentgena 5, Warsaw, Mazowieckie, 02-781, Poland

    Zygmunt Pojda MD, PhD

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  1. Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India

    Niranjan Bhattacharya

  2. Boston University School of Medicine, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, USA

    Phillip George Stubblefield

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Pojda, Z. (2015). Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for Therapeutic Applications. In: Bhattacharya, N., Stubblefield, P. (eds) Regenerative Medicine. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6542-2_9

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