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Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Evidence-Based Medicine, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Complications

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Textbook of Neurointensive Care

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Abstract

The treatment of primary intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the most difficult problems facing neurologists, neurosurgeons, and neurointensivists today, and with an incidence of 10–30 cases per 100,000, it represents a major medical problem. In spite of marked advances in medical technology, the outcomes for patients suffering from a spontaneous ICH remain bleak with mortality rates reaching 62 % within the first year of onset. The difficulty in treating these patients has resulted in substantial research efforts into establishing an appropriate management scheme for ICH.

The purpose of this chapter is to consolidate this information and provide the clinician with evidence-based, up-to-date treatment guidelines for primary ICH. The reader will be led through a discussion of the most current epidemiologic data, use of diagnostic imaging, medical management, and role of surgical intervention. While a significant number of questions exist regarding treatment strategies, following each section is a synopsis of the current literature with treatment recommendations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, 660 S Euclid, 8057, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA

    Chad W. Washington MS, MPHS, MD

  2. Department of Neurology/Neurocritical Care, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, 8111, St. Louis, MI, 63110, USA

    Ahmed N. Hassan MD

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, 660 S. Euclid, 8057, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA

    Gregory J. Zipfel MD

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  1. Chad W. Washington MS, MPHS, MD
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  2. Ahmed N. Hassan MD
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  3. Gregory J. Zipfel MD
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Correspondence to Gregory J. Zipfel MD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Geisinger Health System, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA

    A Joseph Layon

  2. Departments of Anesthesiology & Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    Andrea Gabrielli

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    William A. Friedman

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Washington, C.W., Hassan, A.N., Zipfel, G.J. (2013). Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Evidence-Based Medicine, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Complications. In: Layon, A., Gabrielli, A., Friedman, W. (eds) Textbook of Neurointensive Care. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5226-2_25

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