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Cardiomyopathies and Acute Myocarditis

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Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Cardiac Surgery and Intensive Care

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Abstract

Cardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous group of diseases caused by functional abnormalities of the cardiac muscle. They are generally considered primary or secondary to myocardial involvement of a systemic or multi-organ disease process. Both forms are commonly seen in children, although primary forms predominate. They may be caused by extrinsic or genetic factors. The incidence of cardiomyopathy varies widely according to patient ethnicity. Genetic testing plays an important role in the care of patients with cardiomyopathy and their families because it confirms diagnosis, may determine the appropriate care for the patient, and possibly delineates prognosis. Cardiomyopathies are associated with mechanical and/or electrical dysfunction that usually exhibit inappropriate ventricular hypertrophy or dilation. Cardiomyopathies and myocarditis are significant contributors to end-stage heart failure in children, and the most common indication for ventricular assist device support in childhood. Cases of myocarditis may be unrecognized and go on to experience clinical recovery. Some may be misdiagnosed as sudden infant death syndrome. Others may present years later as a chronic dilated cardiomyopathy with viral genome demonstrated in the myocardium, but in the absence of active inflammation. This chapter will provide an overview of the child with new-onset or established cardiomyopathy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pediatric Heart Failure and Heart Transplantation, Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA

    Justin Godown

  2. Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Brian Feingold

  3. Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA

    Steven A. Webber

Authors
  1. Justin Godown
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  2. Brian Feingold
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  3. Steven A. Webber
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Justin Godown .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Children’s Hospital Colorado University of Colorado Denver, School of, Aurora, CO, USA

    Eduardo M. da Cruz

  2. Children's Hospital Colorado University of Colorado School of Medicin, Aurora, CO, USA

    Dunbar Ivy

  3. Department of Cardiac Surgery, German Pediatric Heart Center, Sankt Augustin, Germany

    Viktor Hraska

  4. Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Children's Hospital Colorado University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA

    James Jaggers

Section Editor information

  1. Cardiovacular Institute, University of Tennessee Methodist Healthcare System, Memphis, OH, USA

    John L. Jefferies

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Godown, J., Feingold, B., Webber, S.A. (2021). Cardiomyopathies and Acute Myocarditis. In: da Cruz, E.M., Ivy, D., Hraska, V., Jaggers, J. (eds) Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Cardiac Surgery and Intensive Care. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4999-6_230-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4999-6_230-2

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  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-4999-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-4999-6

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