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Light Energy Conversion at Carbon Nanotubes - Organic and Inorganic Interfaces: Photovoltaics, Photodetectors and Bolometers

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Photophysics of Carbon Nanotubes Interfaced with Organic and Inorganic Materials

Abstract

This chapter presents a review of recent exploration in the field of the light energy conversion to electrical conductivity at the interface between carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and other organic and inorganic materials. Photophysics of these composites is rich, intriguing and comprised of novel phenomena related to the light harvesting, photoinduced charge transfer, charge separation and transport in nanoscaled objects composed from CNTs and small molecules, polymers, fullerenes, quantum dots, bulk and nanostructured semiconductors. The optics and optoelectronics of pristine carbon nanotubes (individuals and network) have been studied quite intensively for the past two decades. The photoinduced processes of CNTs interfaced with other compounds, however, still require thoughtful investigation to understand the fundamental principles governing the conversion of light to electrical energy. This chapter will focus primarily on the recent advances which have shed light on the nature of photoconversion mechanisms in CNT composite with a short background on previous studies in the field of photoinduced charge transfer, hybrid photovoltaics, photodetecting devices and bolometers. The first two sections of this chapter will cover photoinduced charge transfer, charge separation and related photovoltaic effect at the interface between CNTs and small molecules, fullerenes, polymers, quantum dots and how the latest achievements in this field can be employed in designing a new generation of hybrid solar cells and photodetectors. The next section will present the photophysics of charge generation and separation at CNT/semiconductor heterojunction with major attention paid to bulk and nanostructured Si, as it is the most common material in the solar cell industry. We will review the current status of CNT/Si solar cells, point out their features and excellent PV performance, and discuss the prospects in the future research and development of these promising photoactive nanohybrids. Finally, in the last section, we will describe CNT based bolometers and discuss more specifically the bolometric response of CNT/polymer composite. We will provide a comparative analysis of pristine CNT and CNT/polymer bolometers emphasizing the critical role of polymer matrix in achieving high responsivity and temperature coefficient of resistance.

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Levitsky, I.A. (2012). Light Energy Conversion at Carbon Nanotubes - Organic and Inorganic Interfaces: Photovoltaics, Photodetectors and Bolometers. In: Photophysics of Carbon Nanotubes Interfaced with Organic and Inorganic Materials. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4826-5_1

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