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Renal Tubular Acidosis and Stone Formation

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Urolithiasis

Abstract

Distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA) syndrome is a condition caused by the acidification defect in collection tubule. The syndrome is characterized by a persistent hyperchloremic, normal plasma anion gap and metabolic acidosis in patients with relatively normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Hypokalemia is also common. Most patients are associated with recurrent calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate stone formation and nephrocalcinosis. Metabolic bone disease and growth retardation are common complications. Occasionally, patients may present with hypokalemic paralysis. The treatment aims to provide adequate alkaline therapy to neutralize the daily acid production. All the associated complications should be prevented. Monitoring of urinary parameters such as calcium-to-creatinine or citrate-to-creatinine ratio is essential to ensure appropriate dosage of alkaline therapy.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Rama 6, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand

    Somnuek Domrongkitchaiporn M.D.

  2. Department of Medicine, Research Center, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

    Wasana Stitchantrakul

Authors
  1. Somnuek Domrongkitchaiporn M.D.
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  2. Wasana Stitchantrakul
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Somnuek Domrongkitchaiporn M.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery Section of Urology, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan

    Jamsheer J. Talati

  2. Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, Solna, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden

    Hans-Goran Tiselius

  3. , Syracuse University, Crouse Hospital, 1226 East Water Street, New York, 13210, New York, USA

    David M. Albala

  4. , Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China, People's Republic

    ZHANGQUN YE

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© 2012 Springer-Verlag London

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Domrongkitchaiporn, S., Stitchantrakul, W. (2012). Renal Tubular Acidosis and Stone Formation. In: Talati, J., Tiselius, HG., Albala, D., YE, Z. (eds) Urolithiasis. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4387-1_23

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4387-1_23

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-4383-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-4387-1

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