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Valvular Heart Disease: Pathological Anatomy and Pathogenesis

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Valvular Heart Disease

Part of the book series: Cardiovascular Medicine ((CVM))

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Abstract

Valvular heart disease can result from a spectrum of congenital abnormalities and acquired degenerative and inflammatory conditions. The bicuspid aortic valve is the most common congenital valve lesion. Calcific aortic stenosis frequently affects bicuspid aortic valves in middle-aged adults and tricuspid aortic valves in older individuals. Floppy mitral valve due to myxomatous degeneration occurs as an isolated entity or as a component of Marfan syndrome or other connective tissue dyscrasias. Several endocrine and metabolic conditions can produce valvular diseases, including carcinoid heart disease and cardiac amyloidosis. Collagen vascular diseases commonly produce valvular heart disease, and these include rheumatic valvulitis, rheumatoid valvulitis, lupus erythematosus valvulitis, and other related conditions. Infective endocarditis can develop on previously diseased or normal valves. Prosthetic heart valves include mechanical valves and bioprostheses. Characteristic pathological changes influence the suitability of the different prostheses for individual patients. Percutaneous valve replacement and valve sparing procedures are increasingly being performed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA

    L. Maximilian Buja

  2. Department of Cardiovascular Pathology Research, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA

    L. Maximilian Buja

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  1. L. Maximilian Buja
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Correspondence to L. Maximilian Buja .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA

    Blase A. Carabello

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Buja, L.M. (2020). Valvular Heart Disease: Pathological Anatomy and Pathogenesis. In: Carabello, B. (eds) Valvular Heart Disease. Cardiovascular Medicine. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2840-3_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2840-3_1

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  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-2840-3

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