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Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Aromatic Medicinal Plant Commiphora caudata (Wight & Arn.) Engl.

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Natural Product Experiments in Drug Discovery

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Abstract

Commiphora caudate (Wight & Arn.) Engl. (family: Burseraceae) commonly called South-Indian Commiphora is a deciduous tree found in Peninsular India and Sri Lanka. The leaves and bark have reminiscence odor of raw mangoes, hence the trade name raw mango and uphill mango. Stem on wounding yields characteristic aromatic resin. Therapeutic potential and medicinal use of C. caudata in traditional system of medicine dates back to 3000 years ago. In traditional medicine, it is used in curing various ailments like arthritis, hyperlipidemia, pain, healing of wounds, coronary artery, and gynecological diseases and also widely used to treat painful inflammatory conditions. It is used for fever, strangury, vitiated conditions of vata and pitta in Siddha systems of medicine.

An extensive literature survey on phytochemistry of the genus Commiphora has revealed the presence of more than 300 secondary metabolites. The plant is a rich source of steroidal compounds, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolics, etc. Phytochemical analysis of the leaf of the plant showed the presence of flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, tannins, terpenoids, sugars, lignans, etc. We made a comprehensive study on the phytochemistry and pharmacology of the bark of this plant. The bark of C. caudata revealed the presence of alkaloids, coumarins, tannins, glycosides, phytosterols, flavonoids, phenols, and saponins. The GC-MS study on bioactive principles of hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extract of the stem bark of C. caudata showed the presence of 52 compounds. The major compounds are campesterol, stigmasterol, lupeol, fenretinide, thunbergol, resorcinol, digitoxose, and 3,4-altrosan. Pharmacologically, the plant has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, anti-microbial, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective activities, etc. The present review summarizes information about ethno-medicinal uses, phytochemistry, and biological activities of C. caudata.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, SRR & CVR Government Degree College, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India

    Ch. Srinivasa Reddy

  2. R&D Center for Conservation Biology and Plant Biotechnology, Shivashakti Biotechnologies Limited, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India

    K. Sri Rama Murthy

  3. Department of Botany and Microbiology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India

    K. Ammani

Authors
  1. Ch. Srinivasa Reddy
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  2. K. Sri Rama Murthy
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  3. K. Ammani
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology and the Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China

    Karuppusamy Arunachalam

  2. Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology and the Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China

    Xuefei Yang

  3. Department of Botany, NSS College, Nemmara, Palakkad, Kerala, India

    Sreeja Puthanpura Sasidharan

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Srinivasa Reddy, C., Sri Rama Murthy, K., Ammani, K. (2023). Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Aromatic Medicinal Plant Commiphora caudata (Wight & Arn.) Engl.. In: Arunachalam, K., Yang, X., Puthanpura Sasidharan, S. (eds) Natural Product Experiments in Drug Discovery. Springer Protocols Handbooks. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2683-2_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2683-2_8

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  • Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-2682-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-2683-2

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