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Lesion-Behavior Awake Mapping with Direct Cortical and Subcortical Stimulation

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Lesion-to-Symptom Mapping

Part of the book series: Neuromethods ((NM,volume 180))

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Abstract

Electrical stimulation during awake brain surgery is a classic method yielding direct information about brain-behavior relationships. This technique has provided key leaps in our understanding of the organization of the brain, including the discovery of the somatotopic organization of the primary sensory and motor cortices by Wilder Penfield and his colleagues in the 1950s or the previously unsuspected degree of inter-individual variability in the cortical representations of speech and language functions by George Ojemann and colleagues. The electrical stimulation technique, combined with an array of advanced neuroimaging methods, has expanded allowing us to test not only cortical functions but also the role of underlying white matter tracts in behavior. In this chapter, we will describe the method, its evolution, and the novel types of discoveries enabled by direct cortical and subcortical electrical stimulation of the human brain.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA

    Stephanie K. Ries

  2. Center for Clinical and Cognitive Neuroscience, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA

    Stephanie K. Ries

  3. Joint Doctoral Program in Language and Communicative Disorders, San Diego State University and the University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

    Stephanie K. Ries

  4. Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Kesshi Jordan

  5. Department of Psychology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA

    Robert T. Knight

  6. Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA

    Robert T. Knight

  7. Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Mitchel Berger

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  1. Stephanie K. Ries
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  2. Kesshi Jordan
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  3. Robert T. Knight
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  4. Mitchel Berger
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Stephanie K. Ries .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Experimental Neuroimaging, CHDI Management/CHDI Foundation, Princeton, NJ, USA

    Dorian Pustina

  2. Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

    Daniel Mirman

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Ries, S.K., Jordan, K., Knight, R.T., Berger, M. (2022). Lesion-Behavior Awake Mapping with Direct Cortical and Subcortical Stimulation. In: Pustina, D., Mirman, D. (eds) Lesion-to-Symptom Mapping. Neuromethods, vol 180. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2225-4_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2225-4_14

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-2224-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-2225-4

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