Abstract
Implantation of cancerous tissue obtained from patient biopsies or surgical procedures to create patient-derived xenograft models (PDX) has greatly enhanced the ability of scientists and physicians to perform translational research involving pre-clinical testing. PDX models are more representative of patient cancer tumors than traditional cell lines as they retain the three-dimensional architecture of the tumor, and are genomically, transcriptomically, and proteomically analogous. These models can be used for a variety of experiments to evaluate response of tumors to experimental therapeutic agents and to aid in the elucidation of response and resistance mechanisms of existing therapies. Orthotopic transplantation of breast cancer tissue into the mammary fat pad has been proven to be the most robust method of establishing breast cancer PDX models. Here we describe the procedure for implanting patient tumor tissue, or existing PDX tissue, into the mammary fat pad of immunocompromised mice, with notes, where necessary, for transplantation of normal or preneoplastic tissue.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
DeOme KB, Faulkin LJ Jr, Bern HA, Blair PB (1959) Development of mammary tumors from hyperplastic alveolar nodules transplanted into gland-free mammary fat pads of female C3H mice. Cancer Res 19(5):515–520
Brill B, Boecher N, Groner B, Shemanko CS (2008) A sparing procedure to clear the mouse mammary fat pad of epithelial components for transplantation analysis. Lab Anim 42(1):104–110
Lv X, Dobrolecki LE, Ding Y, Rosen JM, Lewis MT, Chen X (2020) Orthotopic transplantation of breast tumors as preclinical models for breast cancer. J Vis Exp (159). https://doi.org/10.3791/61173
Dobrolecki LE, Airhart SD, Alferez DG, Aparicio S, Behbod F, Bentires-Alj M, Brisken C, Bult CJ, Cai S, Clarke RB, Dowst H, Ellis MJ, Gonzalez-Suarez E, Iggo RD, Kabos P, Li S, Lindeman GJ, Marangoni E, McCoy A, Meric-Bernstam F, Piwnica-Worms H, Poupon MF, Reis-Filho J, Sartorius CA, Scabia V, Sflomos G, Tu Y, Vaillant F, Visvader JE, Welm A, Wicha MS, Lewis MT (2016) Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models in basic and translational breast cancer research. Cancer Metastasis Rev 35(4):547–573
DeRose YS, Gligorich KM, Wang G, Georgelas A, Bowman P, Courdy SJ, Welm AL, Welm BE (2013) Patient-derived models of human breast cancer: protocols for in vitro and in vivo applications in tumor biology and translational medicine. Curr Protoc Pharmacol Chapter 14:Unit14.23
Acknowledgments
This work is supported by the Patient-derived Xenograft and Advanced In Vivo Models (PDX-AIM) Core Facility at Baylor College of Medicine with funding from NIH grant P30CA125123 (to C. Kent Osborne), and a Core Facility Core Support Grant from the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT) grant 170691 (to MTL).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Dobrolecki, L.E., Lewis, M.T. (2022). Surgical Procedure for Implantation of Human Tumor Tissue into the Epithelium-Free Mammary Fat Pad of Immunocompromised Mice to Generate Patient-Derived Xenografts (PDX). In: Vivanco, M.d. (eds) Mammary Stem Cells. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2471. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2193-6_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2193-6_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-2192-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-2193-6
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols