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HIV and Hepatitis C in Corrections: A Public Health Opportunity

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Public Health Behind Bars

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Abstract

The United States has both the highest incarceration rate and the largest number of inmates in the world. Inmates are disproportionately impacted by chronic and often poorly controlled illnesses including mental illness, substance use disorder, and communicable diseases including HIV and hepatitis C (HCV). As a result, correctional facilities provide a unique opportunity for HIV and HCV diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and harm reduction education. Early diagnosis of HIV-infected persons followed by initiation of ART and prophylactic medications improves the health of patients, decreases HIV-associated deaths, prevents new infections, and is cost-effective. Safe, tolerable, and highly effective oral regimens are available that will cure most HCV-infected persons within 12 weeks. Once cured, the risks for progressive liver diseases, cirrhosis, end-stage liver disease, liver cancer, and liver transplant are all eliminated, and people are rendered noncontagious. Effective jail and prison-based HIV and HCV treatment programs can significantly benefit both the health of inmates and the communities to which they will one day be released.

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    Joseph Bick

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Bick, J. (2022). HIV and Hepatitis C in Corrections: A Public Health Opportunity. In: Greifinger, R.B. (eds) Public Health Behind Bars. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1807-3_8

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