Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are one of most important components of the tumor microenvironment. Although many assays have been developed to differentiate monocytes into macrophages (Mϕ) for studying the biology of TAMs in vitro, little is known whether the macrophages induced by these approaches can recapitulate the biology of TAMs present in the tumor microenvironment. We have developed a novel assay to differentiate human monocytes into TAMs using modified melanoma-conditioned medium, which is derived from the concentrated tumor cell culture medium. Characterization of these modified melanoma-conditioned medium-induced macrophages (MCMI-Mϕ) by multiple flow cytometry, Luminex, microarray, and immunohistochemistry analyses indicates that MCMI-Mϕ are phenotypically and functionally highly similar to the TAMs present in the tumor microenvironment.
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Acknowledgments
We thank Dr. Meenhard Herlyn from the Wistar Institute and Gerald M. Feldman from the FDA for the intellectual and technical support for the development of this protocol.
Disclaimer: The views in this chapter have not been formally disseminated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and should not be construed to represent any agency determination or policy.
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Wang, T., Kaufman, R.E. (2021). In Vitro Differentiation of Tumor-Associated Macrophages from Monocyte Precursors with Modified Melanoma-Conditioned Medium. In: Hargadon, K.M. (eds) Melanoma. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2265. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1205-7_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1205-7_9
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