Abstract
Ca2+ regulates a variety of cellular processes that are essential to maintain cell integrity and function. Different methods have been used to study these processes by increasing intracellular Ca2+ levels. Here, we describe a protocol to initiate Ca2+-dependent membrane-related events, using laser ablation by near-infrared irradiation. This creates a rupture in the plasma membrane that allows the extracellular Ca2+ to enter the cell and thereby induce a receptor-independent Ca2+ increase. We report laser ablation protocols to study two different Ca2+-induced processes in human endothelial cells—membrane resealing and exocytosis of secretory granules called Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs). Thus, laser ablation represents a technique that permits the analysis of different Ca2+-regulated processes at high spatiotemporal resolution in a controlled manner.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Nowycky MC, Thomas AP (2002) Intracellular calcium signaling. J Cell Sci 115:3715–3716
Harzheim D, Roderick HL, Bootman MD (2010) Chapter 117—intracellular calcium signaling. In: Bradshaw RA, Dennis EA (eds) Handbook of cell signaling, 2nd edn. Academic Press, San Diego, pp 937–942
Clapham DE (2007) Calcium Signaling. Cell 131:1047–1058
Colella M, Gerbino A, Hofer AM, Curci S (2016) Recent advances in understanding the extracellular calcium-sensing receptor. F1000Res. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.8963.1
Low JT, Shukla A, Behrendorff N, Thorn P (2010) Exocytosis, dependent on Ca2+ release from Ca2+ stores, is regulated by Ca2+ microdomains. J Cell Sci 123:3201–3208
Koerdt SN, Gerke V (2017) Annexin A2 is involved in Ca2+-dependent plasma membrane repair in primary human endothelial cells. Biochim Biophys Acta, Mol Cell Res 1864:1046–1053
Bansal D, Miyake K, Vogel SS, Groh S, Chen C-C, Williamson R, McNeil PL, Campbell KP (2003) Defective membrane repair in dysferlin-deficient muscular dystrophy. Nature 423:168–172
Betz WJ, Mao F, Smith CB (1996) Imaging exocytosis and endocytosis. Curr Opin Neurobiol 6:365–371
Carmeille R, Bouvet F, Tan S, Croissant C, Gounou C, Mamchaoui K, Mouly V, Brisson AR, Bouter A (2016) Membrane repair of human skeletal muscle cells requires Annexin-A5. Biochim Biophys Acta, Mol Cell Res 1863:2267–2279
Weibel ER, Palade GE (1964) New cytoplasmic components in arterial endothelia. J Cell Biol 23:101–112
Sadler JE (1998) Biochemistry and genetics of Von Willebrand factor. Annu Rev Biochem 67:395–424
Valentijn KM, Sadler JE, Valentijn JA, Voorberg J, Eikenboom J (2011) Functional architecture of Weibel-Palade bodies. Blood 117:5033–5043
McCormack JJ, da Silva ML, Ferraro F, Patella F, Cutler DF (2017) Weibel−Palade bodies at a glance. J Cell Sci 130:3611–3617
Nightingale T, Cutler D (2013) The secretion of von Willebrand factor from endothelial cells; an increasingly complicated story. J Thromb Haemost 11:192–201
Miesenböck G, Angelis DAD, Rothman JE (1998) Visualizing secretion and synaptic transmission with pH-sensitive green fluorescent proteins. Nature 394:192–195
Jaffe EA, Nachman RL, Becker CG, Minick CR (1973) Culture of human endothelial cells derived from umbilical veins. Identification by morphologic and immunologic criteria. J Clin Invest 52:2745–2756
Babich V, Meli A, Knipe L, Dempster JE, Skehel P, Hannah MJ, Carter T (2008) Selective release of molecules from Weibel-Palade bodies during a lingering kiss. Blood 111:5282–5290
Babiychuk EB, Draeger A (2000) Annexins in cell membrane dynamics. Ca(2+)-regulated association of lipid microdomains. J Cell Biol 150(5):1113–1124
Schindelin J, Arganda-Carreras I, Frise E et al (2012) Fiji - an open source platform for biological image analysis. Nat Methods 9(7):676–682. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2019
Mietkowska M, Schuberth C, Wedlich-Söldner R, Gerke V (2019) Actin dynamics during Ca2+-dependent exocytosis of endothelial Weibel-Palade bodies. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 1866:1218–1229
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Ashraf, A.P.K., Koerdt, S.N., Raj, N., Gerke, V. (2021). Induction of Ca2+-Dependent Exocytotic Processes by Laser Ablation of Endothelial Cells. In: Niedergang, F., Vitale, N., Gasman, S. (eds) Exocytosis and Endocytosis. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2233. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1044-2_19
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1044-2_19
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-1043-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-1044-2
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols