Abstract
The regulation of vascular permeability is critical in inflammation. It controls the distribution of water and plasma contents such as immunoglobulins in peripheral tissues. To regulate allergic diseases, it is important to study vascular biology especially in inflammation. Since the vascular permeability changes in minutes upon the exposure to proinflammatory mediators, intravital imaging system is a powerful technique to capture such dynamic responses. We here describe how to evaluate vascular permeability in vivo using multiphoton microscopy. We use various sizes of fluorescence-labeled dextran to visualize how leaky the blood vessels are in the steady state and in inflammation. Using this assay system, we can illustrate the dynamic kinetics of vascular permeability in vivo in real-time. This assay system provides a novel convenient way to study vascular biology that is beneficial in the assessment of various animal models of allergic disease.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Trani M, Dejana E (2015) New insights in the control of vascular permeability: vascular endothelial-cadherin and other players. Curr Opin Hematol 22:267–272
Denk W, Strickler JH, Webb WW (1990) Two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy. Science 248:73–76
Cahalan MD, Parker I, Wei SH, Miller MJ (2002) Two-photon tissue imaging: seeing the immune system in a fresh light. Nat Rev Immunol 2:872
Kabashima K, Egawa G (2014) Intravital multiphoton imaging of cutaneous immune responses. J Invest Dermatol 134:2680–2684
Egawa G, Nakamizo S, Natsuaki Y, Doi H, Miyachi Y, Kabashima K (2013) Intravital analysis of vascular permeability in mice using two-photon microscopy. Sci Rep 3:1932
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Egawa, G., Ono, S., Kabashima, K. (2021). Intravital Imaging of Vascular Permeability by Two-Photon Microscopy. In: Nagamoto-Combs, K. (eds) Animal Models of Allergic Disease. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2223. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1001-5_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1001-5_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-1000-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-1001-5
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols