Skip to main content

Real-Time PCR Analysis of Metabolism-Related Genes in a Long-Lived Model of C. elegans

  • Protocol
  • First Online:
Clinical and Preclinical Models for Maximizing Healthspan

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 2138))

Abstract

In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, the mammalian tumor suppressor p53 ortholog CEP-1 (C. elegans p53-like protein) is associated not only with the stress response, germline apoptosis, and meiotic chromosome segregation but also with longevity through the modification of energy metabolism during aging. The mitochondrial respiration-related gene sco-1 in C. elegans is orthologous to the human SCO1 gene and a target of p53/CEP-1. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, we recently found that the expression levels of sco-1 gene were increased in wild-type C. elegans in an aging-related manner and decreased in long-lived cep-1 mutants. Here, we describe the relative quantitative strategy using a commercial real-time PCR system to detect more accurately differences in the levels of expressed genes between long-lived and wild-type C. elegans strains. To estimate the expression levels of target genes compared with wild-type using relative quantification, we used the expression levels of an endogenous control gene, such as a housekeeping gene. In addition, it is critical to normalize differences in the expression levels of the common housekeeping gene among the strains analyzed for an accurate comparison of the quantitative expression levels of target genes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Warburg O (1956) On the origin of cancer cells. Science 123(3191):309–314

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Matoba S, Kang J-G, Patino WD, Wragg A, Boehm M, Gavrilova O et al (2006) p53 regulates mitochondrial respiration. Science 312(5780):1650–1653

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Kondoh H, Lleonart ME, Gil J, Wang J, Degan P, Peters G et al (2005) Glycolytic enzymes can modulate cellular life span. Cancer Res 65(1):177–185

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Contractor T, Harris CR (2012) p53 negatively regulates transcription of the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase Pdk2. Cancer Res 72(2):560–567

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Derry WB, Putzke AP, Rothman JH (2001) Caenorhabditis elegans p53: role in apoptosis, meiosis, and stress resistance. Science 294(5542):591–595

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Schumacher B, Hofmann K, Boulton S, Gartner A (2001) The C. elegans homolog of the p53 tumor suppressor is required for DNA damage-induced apoptosis. Curr Biol 11(21):1722–1727

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Arum O, Johnson TE (2007) Reduced expression of the Caenorhabditis elegans p53 ortholog cep-1 results in increased longevity. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 62(9):951–959

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Ventura N, Rea SL, Schiavi A, Torgovnick A, Testi R, Johnson TE (2009) p53/CEP-1 increases or decreases lifespan, depending on level of mitochondrial bioenergetic stress. Aging Cell 8(4):380–393

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Yanase S, Suda H, Yasuda K, Ishii N (2017) Impaired p53/CEP-1 is associated with lifespan extension through an age-related imbalance in the energy metabolism of C. elegans. Genes Cells 22(12):1004–1010

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD (2001) Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(−delta delta C(T)) method. Methods 25(4):402–408

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Lewis JA, Fleming JT (1995) Basic culture methods. In: Epstein HF, Shakes DC (eds) Caenorhabditis elegans: modern biological analysis of an organism, Methods in Cell Biology, vol 48, 1st edn. Academic Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, pp 3–29. ISBN-10: 0125641494

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  12. Yanase S, Yasuda K, Ishii N (2019) Monitoring age-related changes in the lactate/pyruvate ratio using a colorimetric assay in a C. elegans model of increased life span. Methods Mol Biol 1916:123–132

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Yanase S, Ishii N (1999) Cloning of the oxidative stress-responsive genes in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Radiat Res 40(1):39–47

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Sambrock J, Fritsch EF, Maniatis T (1989) Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 2nd edn. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA. ISBN-10: 0879693096

    Google Scholar 

  15. Sokolov BP, Prockop DJ (1994) A rapid and simple PCR-based method for isolation of cDNAs from differentially expressed genes. Nucleic Acids Res 19:4009–4015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Hosono R (1978) Sterilization and growth inhibition of Caenorhabditis elegans by 5-fluorodeoxyuridine. Exp Gerontol 13(5):369–374

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Mitchell DH, Stiles JW, Santelli J, Sanadi DR (1979) Synchronous growth and aging of Caenorhabditis elegans in the presence of fluorodeoxyuridine. J Gerontol 34(1):28–36

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Lee LG, Connell CR, Bloch W (1993) Allelic discrimination by nick-translation PCR with fluorogenic probes. Nucleic Acids Res 21(16):3761–3766

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by a special research grant from Daito Bunka University to S.Y.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sumino Yanase .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

About this protocol

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this protocol

Yanase, S. (2020). Real-Time PCR Analysis of Metabolism-Related Genes in a Long-Lived Model of C. elegans. In: Guest, P. (eds) Clinical and Preclinical Models for Maximizing Healthspan. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2138. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0471-7_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0471-7_12

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-0470-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-0471-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics