Skip to main content

Asian American Studies in Historical Archaeology

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
International Handbook of Historical Archaeology

In this chapter, consideration is given to the history and current state of the historical archaeology of Asian Americans. The chapter begins with a discussion of how Asian American historical archaeology got started in the 1970s. This discussion is followed by a review of how this field has developed through the decades, up to the present day. Developmental trends in Asian American historical archaeology are identified. These include the emergence of increasingly sophisticated methods that have allowed for more useful comparative studies; a growing interest in theoretical matters, making it possible for historical archaeologists to not only describe but also explain Asian American experiences; and the growing primacy of assimilation studies among historical archaeologists studying Asian Americans, only to be very recently challenged by a growing postprocessual interest in individual agency, resistance to accommodation, and other postmodern concerns.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 64.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abruzzi, W.S., 1982, Ecological Theory and Ethnic Differentiation among Human Populations. Current Anthropology 23:13–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alba, R., and Nee, V., 2003, Remaking the American Mainstream: Assimilation and Contemporary Immigration. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, E.N., 1988, The Food of China. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aronson, D.R., 1976, Ethnicity as a Cultural System. In Ethnicity in the Americas, edited by F. Henry, pp. 9–19. Mouton, The Hague.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ayres, J.E., 1994, The Archaeology of Chinese Sites in Arizona. In Origins and Destinations: 41 Essays on Chinese America, pp. 483–489. Chinese Historical Society of Southern California, Los Angeles.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barth, F., 1969, Introduction. In Ethnic Groups and Boundaries, edited by F. Barth, pp. 7–38. Little Brown, Boston, Massachusetts.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barth, G., 1964, Bitter Strength: A History of the Chinese in the United States, 1850–1870. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, P., 1996, Archaeology of the Chinese in Australia. Australian Historical Archaeology 14:13–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cassel, S.L., editor, 2002, The Chinese in America: A History from Gold Mountain to the New Mellennium. AltaMira, Walnut Creek, California.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chang, K.C., 1977, Food in Chinese Culture. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, J., 1980, The Chinese of America. Harper and Row, San Francisco, California.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chung, S.F., and Wegars, P., editors, 2005, Chinese American Death Rituals: Respecting the Ancestors. AltaMira, Walnut Creek, California.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, A., 2000, Introduction to Research in Chinese Source Materials. Yale University Press, New Haven.

    Google Scholar 

  • Daniels, R., 1988, Asian America: Chinese and Japanese in the United States since 1850. University of Washington Press, Seattle.

    Google Scholar 

  • DeVos, G., 1975, Ethnic Pluralism: Conflict and Accommodation. In Ethnic Identity: Cultural Continuities and Change, edited by G. DeVos and L. Romanucci-Ross, pp. 5–41. Mayfield, Palo Alto, California.

    Google Scholar 

  • Diehl, M., Waters, J.A., and Thiel, J.H., 1998, Acculturation and the Composition of the Diet of Tucson’s Overseas Chinese Gardeners at the Turn of the Century. Historical Archaeology 32(4):19–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dubrow, G.L., 2000, Asian American Imprints on the Western Landscape. In Cultural Landscapes in America, edited by A.R. Alanen and R.Z. Melnick, pp. 143–221. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ennes, M.J., and Staski, E., 1995, Archaeology and the Study of Assimilation: Some Suggestions and a Case Study. North American Archaeologist 16:303–316.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farrar, N., 1972, The Chinese in El Paso. Southwestern Studies Monograph No. 33. Texas Western Press, University of Texas, El Paso.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fong, L.M., 1980, Sojourners and Settlers. The Chinese Experience in Arizona and Northern Mexico, vol. 1, edited by T.A. Row, pp. 1–30. Arizona Historical Society, Tucson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frierman, J.D., 1983, Chinese Ceramics in the New Melones Area. In Review and Synthesis of Research at Historical Sites, compiled by R.S. Greenwood and L.H. Shoup, pp. 175–200. Final Report of the New Melones Archaeological Project, California, vol. 7. Coyote Press, Salinas, California.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gordon, M.M., 1964, Assimilation in American Life: The Role of Race, Religion, and National Origins. Oxford University Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gordon, M.M., 1978, Human Nature, Class, and Ethnicity. Oxford University Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Great Basin Foundation, 1987, Wong Ho Leun: An American Chinatown. 2 vols. Great Basin Foundation, San Diego, California.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenwood, R.S., 1975, 3500 Years on One City Block: San Buenaventura Mission Plaza Project Archaeological Report, 1974. Submitted to the Redevelopment Agency, City of San Buenaventura, California. Greenwood and Associates, Pacific Palisades, California.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenwood, R.S., 1993, Old Approaches and New Directions: Implications for Future Research. In Hidden Heritage: Historical Archaeology of the Overseas Chinese, edited by P. Wegars, pp. 375–403. Baywood, Amityville, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenwood, R.S., 1994, News from the Underground: History and Archaeology Meet at the Station. In Origins and Destinations: 41 Essays on Chinese America, compiled by the Chinese Historical Society of Southern California, pp. 477–482. Chinese Historical Society of Southern California, Los Angeles.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenwood, R.S., 1996, Down by the Station: Los Angeles Chinatown, 1880–1933. Monumenta Archaeologica 18. Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenwood, R.S., editor, 1976, The Changing Faces of Main Street. San Buenaventura Mission Plaza Project Archaeological Report. Submitted to the Redevelopment Agency, City of San Buenaventura, California. Greenwood and Associates, Pacific Palisades, California.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hardesty, D.L., 1994, Class, Gender Strategies, and Material Culture in the Mining West. In Those of Little Note: Gender, Race, and Class in Historical Archaeology, edited by E.M. Scott, pp. 129–145. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Helms, M.W., 1978, Discussion: Ethnicity and the State. In Interethnic Communication, edited by E.L. Ross, pp. 134–146. University of Georgia Press, Athens.

    Google Scholar 

  • Henry, S.L., 1987, Factors Influencing Consumer Behavior in Turn-of-the-Century Phoenix, Arizona. In Consumer Choice in Historical Archaeology, edited by S.M. Spencer-Wood, pp. 359–381. Plenum, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hodder, I., 1986, Reading the Past. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jack, I., Holmes, K., and Ken, R., 1984, Ah Toy’s Garden: A Chinese Market-Garden on the Palmer River Goldfield, North Queensland. Australian Journal of Historical Archaeology 2:51–58.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones, S., 1997, The Archaeology of Ethnicity: Constructing Identities in the Past and Present. Routledge, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones, S., 1999, Historical Categories and the Praxis of Identity: The Interpretation of Ethnicity in Historical Archaeology. In Historical Archaeology: Back from the Edge, edited by P.P.A. Funari, M. Hall, and S. Jones, pp. 219–232. Routledge, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerr, A.W., 1979, The Architecture of Victoria’s Chinatown. Datum 4:8–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerr, A.W., and Bugslag, J., 1978, Some Basic Observations Concerning the Architecture of the Chinese in B.C., Canada. Datum 3:8–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knapp, R.G., 1986, China’s Traditional Rural Architecture: A Cultural Geography of the Common House. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krysan, M., and Lewis, A.E., editors, 2004, Changing Terrain of Race and Ethnicity. Russell Sage Foundation, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Layton, T.N., 2002, Gifts from the Celestial Kingdom: A Shipwrecked Cargo for Gold Rush California. Stanford University Press, Palo Alto, California.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, J., and Zhou, M., editors, 2004, Asian American Youth: Culture, Identity, and Ethnicity. Routledge, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levine, L.W., 1996, The Opening of the American Mind: Canons, Culture, and History. Beacon, Boston, Massachusetts.

    Google Scholar 

  • Light, I.H., 1972, Ethnic Enterprise in America. University of California Press, Los Angeles.

    Google Scholar 

  • Longacre, W., and Skibo, J.M., 1994, Kalinga Ethnoarchaeology: Expanding Archaeological Method and Theory. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lydon, J., 1999, Pidgin English: Historical Archaeology, Cultural Exchange, and the Chinese in the Rocks, 1890–1930. In Historical Archaeology: Back from the Edge, edited by P.P.A. Funari, M. Hall, and S. Jones, pp. 255–283. Routledge, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lyman, S.M., 1976, The Chinese Diaspora in America, 1850–1943. In The Life, Influence, and the Role of the Chinese in the United States, 1776–1960: Proceedings/Papers of the National Conference Held at the University of San Francisco, July 10, 11, 12, 1975, pp. 128–146. Chinese Historical Society, San Francisco, California.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGuire, R.H., 1982, The Study of Ethnicity in Historical Archaeology. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 1:159–178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mark, D.M.L., and Chih, G., 1982, A Place Called Chinese America. Keneall/Hunt, Dubuque, Iowa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Min, P.G., editor, 2002, The Second Generation: Ethnic Identity among Asian Americans. AltaMira, Walnut Creek, California.

    Google Scholar 

  • Olsen, J., 1978, A Study of Chinese Ceramics Excavated in Tucson. The Kiva 44:1–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Praetzellis, A., Praetzellis, M., and Brown III, M., 1987, Artifacts as Symbols of Identity: An Example from Sacramento’s Gold Rush Era Chinese Community. In Living in Cities: Current Research in Urban Archaeology, edited by E. Staski, pp. 38–47. Special Publication No. 5. Society for Historical Archaeology, Pleasant Hill, California.

    Google Scholar 

  • Preucel, R.W., 1995, The Postprocessual Condition. Journal of Archaeological Research 3:147–175.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Preucel, R.W., editor, 1991, Processual and Postprocessual Archaeologies: Multiple Ways of Knowing the Past. Occasional Papers No. 10. Center for Archaeological Investigations, Carbondale, Illinois.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rhoads, E.J.M., 1977, The Chinese in Texas. Southwestern Historical Quarterly 71:1–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ritchie, N.A., 1983, Archaeological Research on Nineteenth-Century Chinese Settlement in the Cromwell Area. Courier 29:2–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ritchie, N.A., 1986, Archaeology and History of the Chinese in Southern New Zealand during the Nineteenth Century: A Study of Acculturation, Adaptation, and Change. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ritchie, N.A., 1993, Form and Adaptation: Nineteenth Century Chinese Miners’ Dwellings in Southern New Zealand. In Hidden Heritage: Historical Archaeology of the Overseas Chinese, edited by P. Wegars, pp. 335–373. Baywood, Amityville, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rothschild, N.A., 1990, New York City Neighborhoods: The 18th Century. Academic Press, San Diego, California.

    Google Scholar 

  • Royce, A.P., 1982, Ethnic Identity: Strategies of Diversity. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rumbaut, R., and Portes, A., editors, 2001, Ethnicities: Children of Immigrants in America. University of California Press, Berkeley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sassoon, C., 1978, Chinese Porcelain Marks from Kenya. BAR International Series (supplementary) 43. British Archaeological Reports, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schuyler, R.L., editor, 1980, Archaeological Perspectives on Ethnicity in America: Afro- American and Asian American Culture History. Baywood, Farmingdale, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shanks, M., and Tilley, C., 1987, Reconstructing Archaeology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sisson, D.A., 1993, Archaeological Evidence of Chinese Use along the Lower Salmon River. In Hidden Heritage: Historical Archaeology of the Overseas Chinese, edited by P. Wegars, pp. 33–63. Baywood, Amityville, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spier, R.F.G., 1958a, Food Habits of Nineteenth-Century California Chinese. California Historical Society Quarterly 37:79–84,129–136.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spier, R.F.G., 1958b, Tool Acculturation among 19th-Century California Chinese. Ethnohistory 5:97–117.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stapp, D.C., 1993, The Documentary Record of an Overseas Chinese Mining Camp. In Hidden Heritage: Historical Archaeology of the Overseas Chinese, edited by P. Wegars, pp. 3–31. Baywood, Amityville, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Staski, E., 1985, The Overseas Chinese in El Paso. Beneath the Border City, vol. 2. University Museum Occasional Papers No. 13. New Mexico State University, Las Cruces.

    Google Scholar 

  • Staski, E., 1990, Studies of Ethnicity in North American Historical Archaeology. North American Archaeologist 11:121–145.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Staski, E., 1993, The Overseas Chinese in El Paso: Changing Goals, Changing Realities. In Hidden Heritage: Historical Archaeology of the Overseas Chinese, edited by P. Wegars, pp. 125–149. Baywood, Amityville, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Staski, E., 2002a, Assimilation. In Encyclopedia of Historical Archaeology, edited by C.E. Orser, pp. 32–34. Routledge, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Staski, E., 2002b, Ethnicity. In Encyclopedia of Historical Archaeology, edited by C.E. Orser, pp. 181–184. Routledge, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steele, H., 1993, The Manganese/Cobalt Ratio in Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Asian Porcelain. In Hidden Heritage: Historical Archaeology of the Overseas Chinese, edited by P. Wegars, pp. 307–314. Baywood, Amityville, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stenger, A., 1993, Sourcing and Dating of Asian Porcelains by Elemental Analysis. In Hidden Heritage: Historical Archaeology of the Overseas Chinese, edited by P. Wegars, pp. 315–331. Baywood, Amityville, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Takaki, R., 1989, Strangers from a Different Shore: A History of Asian Americans. Penguin, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • van den Berghe, P.L., 1981, The Ethnic Phenomenon. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vincent, J., 1974, The Structuring of Ethnicity. Human Organization 33:375–379.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wegars, P., 1993, Besides Polly Bemis: Historical and Artifactual Evidence for Chinese Women in the West, 1848–1930. In Hidden Heritage: Historical Archaeology of the Overseas Chinese, edited by P. Wegars, pp. 229–254. Baywood, Amityville, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wegars, P., 1994, Hidden Heritage: Chinese Historical Archaeology and the Asian American Comparative Collection. In Origins and Destinations: 41 Essays on Chinese America, compiled by the Chinese Historical Society of Southern California, pp. 491–499. Chinese Historical Society of Southern California, Los Angeles.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wegars, P., 2003a, Chinese Artifact Illustrations, Terminology, and Selected Bibliography. Asian American Comparative Collection Publications, Moscow, Idaho.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wegars, P., 2003b, Japanese Artifact Illustrations, Terminology, and Selected Bibliography. Asian American Comparative Collection Publications, Moscow, Idaho.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woodward, C.S., 1974, Oriental Ceramics at the Cape of Good Hope 1652–1795: An Account of the Porcelain Trade of the Dutch East India Company with Particular Reference to Ceramics with V.O.C. Monogram, the Cape Market, and South African Collections. A.A. Balkema, Cape Town.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Thanks to Teresita Majewski for asking me to write this chapter. Thanks also to various people in the Department of Community and Human Development, City of El Paso, Texas, for giving me a chance to excavate El Paso’s Chinatown, my introduction to Asian American historical archaeology. I am especially grateful to Roberta Greenwood, recognized leader in this area of inquiry, who has been an inspiration for more than two decades.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Edward Staski .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Staski, E. (2009). Asian American Studies in Historical Archaeology. In: Gaimster, D., Majewski, T. (eds) International Handbook of Historical Archaeology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72071-5_20

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics