The Gf-Gc model of intelligence is a broad-based and general model of cognitive ability developed from the seminal work of Raymond Cattell in 1943. In the 1960s, one of Cattell’s students, John Horn, joined Cattell in developing the Horn–Cattell theory of cognitive abilities which is now also commonly known as the Gf-Gc model of intelligence. The original Horn–Cattell theory divides the overall construct of cognitive ability into two general classes of abilities based on inherent cognitive capacity and interaction with experience. Fluid intelligence (Gf) is a problem-solving and information processing ability, while crystallized intelligence (Gc) is an accumulation of knowledge and skills throughout life. Fluid intelligence leads to the acquisition of crystallized intelligence. The Horn–Cattell model uses a capital G to specifically distinguish itself from Spearman’s g.
Fluid intelligence represents flexible thinking and the ability to reason abstractly. It is considered to be largely...
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Suggested Reading
Carroll, J. B. (1993). Human cognitive abilities: A survey of factor analytic studies. New York: Cambridge University Press.
McGrew, K., & Flanagan, D. (1998). The intelligence test desk reference (ITDR): Gf-Gc cross-battery assessment. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
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Institute for Applied Psychometrics—http://www.iapsych.com/IAPWEB/iapweb.html: The Institute for Applied Psychometrics is devoted to the application of psychological, educational, measurement and statistical procedures to issues and problems in education and psychology. The goal of IAP is to provide a bridge between psychological, psychometric, measurement and statistical theory and methods and applied practice in psychology and education.
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Bovaird, J.A. (2010). Gf-Gc Model of Intelligence. In: Clauss-Ehlers, C.S. (eds) Encyclopedia of Cross-Cultural School Psychology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-71799-9_182
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