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The Mars Plasma Environment

  • Book
  • © 2007

Overview

Editors:
  1. C. T. Russell

    1. University of California, Los Angeles, USA

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  • Contains the latest results on the plasma environment of Mars and its interaction with the solar wind
  • These results include mapping of the plasma environment with the instruments on Mars Express and Mars Global Surveyor, the latest numerical simulations, and theoretical studies
  • This comprehensive examination of the Mars environment also sets the stage for the interpretation of the Venus Express measurements that are now becoming available

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Table of contents (21 chapters)

  1. Front Matter

    Pages i-2
    Download chapter PDF

  2. The Solar Wind and The Sun in the Past

    • Brian E. Wood
    Pages 3-14

  3. The Solar Wind Interaction with the Martian Ionosphere/Atmosphere

    • Stephen H. Brecht, Stephen A. Ledvina
    Pages 15-38

  4. Energisation of O+ and O 2 + Ions at Mars: An Analysis of A 3-D Quasi-Neutral Hybrid Model Simulation

    • E. Kallio, A. Fedorov, S. Barabash, R. Janhunen, H. Koskinen, W. Schmidt et al.
    Pages 39-62

  5. Mars Global MHD Predictions of Magnetic Connectivity between the Dayside ionosphere and the Magnetospheric Flanks

    • Michael W. Liemohn, Yingjuan Ma, Rudy A. Frahm, Xiaohua Fang, Janet U. Kozyra, Andrew F. Nagy et al.
    Pages 63-76

  6. Mars Global Surveyor Measurements of the Martian Solar Wind Interaction

    • D. A. Brain
    Pages 77-112

  7. The Analyzer of Space Plasmas and Energetic Atoms (ASPERA-3) for the Mars Express Mission

    • S. Barabash, R. Lundin, H. Andersson, K. Brinkfeldt, A. Grigoriev, H. Gunell et al.
    Pages 113-164

  8. Plasma Moments in the Environment of Mars

    • M. Fränz, E. Dubinin, E. Roussos, J. Woch, J. D. Winningham, R. Frahm et al.
    Pages 165-207

  9. Plasma Morphology at Mars. ASPERA-3 Observations

    • E. Dubinin, M. Fränz, J. Woch, E. Roussos, S. Barabash, R. Lundin et al.
    Pages 209-238

  10. IMF Direction Derived from Cycloid-Like Ion Distributions Observed by Mars Express

    • M. Yamauchi, Y. Futaana, A. Fedorov, E. Dubinin, R. Lundin, J.-A. Sauvaud et al.
    Pages 239-266

  11. Energetic Hydrogen and Oxygen Atoms Observed on the Nightside of Mars

    • A. Galli, P. Wurz, S. Barabash, A. Grigoriev, H. Gunell, R. Lundin et al.
    Pages 267-297

  12. Observations of the Martian Subsolar ENA Jet Oscillations

    • A. Grigoriev, Y. Futaana, S. Barabash, A. Fedorov
    Pages 299-313

  13. Global Response of Martian Plasma Environment to an Interplanetary Structure: From ENA and Plasma Observations at Mars

    • Y. Futaana, S. Barabash, A. Grigoriev, D. Winningham, R. Frahm, M. Yamauchi et al.
    Pages 315-332

  14. Auroral Plasma Acceleration above Martian Magnetic Anomalies

    • R. Lundin, D. Winningham, S. Barabash, R. Frahm, D. Brain, H. Nilsson et al.
    Pages 333-354

  15. Investigation of the Influence of Magnetic Anomalies on Ion Distributions at Mars

    • H. Nilsson, E. Carlsson, H. Gunell, Y. Futaana, S. Barabash, R. Lundin et al.
    Pages 355-372

  16. Observations of Vertical Reflections from the Topside Martian Ionosphere

    • E. Nielsen, H. Zou, D. A. Gurnett, D. L. Kirchner, D. D. Morgan, R. Huff et al.
    Pages 373-388

  17. Locations of Atmospheric Photoelectron Energy Peaks Within the Mars Environment

    • R. A. Frahm, J. R. Sharber, J. D. Winningham, P. Wurz, M. W. Liemohn, E. Kallio et al.
    Pages 389-402

  18. X-Rays from Mars

    • Konrad Dennerl
    Pages 403-433

  19. Asymmetries in Mars’ Exosphere

    • Mats Holmström
    Pages 435-445

  20. The Hydrogen Exospheric Density Profile Measured with ASPERA-3/NPD

    • A. Galli, P. Wurz, H. Lammer, H. I. M. Lichtenegger, R. Lundin, S. Barabash et al.
    Pages 447-467
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Keywords

About this book

Mars sits very exposed to the solar wind. Ironically Mars possesses the strongest remanent magnetization of any body thus far visited in the solar system, yet the scale size of this magnetization is so small that it provides an insignificant shield against the solar wind. Compared to Venus that is eight times as massive, Mars has but a weak hold on its atmosphere. Mars has been the subject of intense study over the last four decades and we have learned much about its surface and lower atmosphere but studies of the solar wind interaction with its upper atmosphere and ionosphere have been much more rare. Mars 3 and 5 provided the first significant data on the induced magnetosphere, deflection of the solar wind and erosion of the atmosphere. PHOBOS-2 extended these measurements with a magnetometer and a plasma package, ASPERA (Automatic Space Plasma Experiment with a Rotating Analyzer). Itincreased our understanding of the interactions, but lasted far too short atime. Mars Global Surveyorcarried amagnetometer and an electron reflectometer and discovered the martian magnetic anomalies but added only slightly to our understanding of the interplay between the solar wind and the atmosphere. When the European Space Agency embarked on its Mars exploration strategy, it chose to include a comprehensive plasma package, on its pilot mission, Mars Ex­ press. Inretrospect it should have complemented this package with amagnetometer but it did not.

Editors and Affiliations

  • University of California, Los Angeles, USA

    C. T. Russell

About the editor

The author has been a principal investigator of instruments on many terrestrial and planetary probes, and has published close to 1200 papers on topics in planetary and space physics. He is currently the principal investigator of the Dawn mission to Vesta and Ceres.

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