Abstract
The UPRER is an important regulator of secretory pathway homeostasis, and plays roles in many physiological processes. Its broad range of targets and ability to modulate secretion and membrane trafficking make it perfectly positioned to influence intercellular communication, enabling the UPRER to coordinate physiological processes between cells and tissues. Recent evidence suggests that the activation of the UPRER can itself be communicated between cells. This cell non-autonomous route to UPRER activation occurs in multiple species, and enables organism-wide responses to stress that involve processes as diverse as immunity, metabolism, aging and reproduction. It may also play roles in disease progression, making the pathways that mediate cell non-autonomous UPRER signaling a potential source of novel future therapeutics.
References
Acosta-Alvear D et al (2007) XBP1 controls diverse cell type- and condition-specific transcriptional regulatory networks. Mol Cell 27:53–66
Andruska N et al (2015a) Anticipatory estrogen activation of the unfolded protein response is linked to cell proliferation and poor survival in estrogen receptor alpha-positive breast cancer. Oncogene 34:3760–3769
Andruska ND et al (2015b) Estrogen receptor alpha inhibitor activates the unfolded protein response, blocks protein synthesis, and induces tumor regression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 112:4737–4742
Arner P et al (2008) FGF21 attenuates lipolysis in human adipocytes—a possible link to improved insulin sensitivity. FEBS Lett 582:1725–1730
Baird M et al (2013) The unfolded protein response is activated in Helicobacter-induced gastric carcinogenesis in a non-cell autonomous manner. Lab Invest 93:112–122
Bertolotti A et al (2000) Dynamic interaction of BiP and ER stress transducers in the unfolded-protein response. Nat Cell Biol 2:326–332
Biteau B, Hochmuth CE, Jasper H (2008) JNK activity in somatic stem cells causes loss of tissue homeostasis in the aging Drosophila gut. Cell Stem Cell 3:442–455
Biteau B et al (2010) Lifespan extension by preserving proliferative homeostasis in Drosophila. PLoS Genet 6:e1001159
Calfon M et al (2002) IRE1 couples endoplasmic reticulum load to secretory capacity by processing the XBP-1 mRNA. Nature 415:92–96
Correa P, Houghton J (2007) Carcinogenesis of Helicobacter pylori. Gastroenterology 133:659–672
Cox JS, Walter P (1996) A novel mechanism for regulating activity of a transcription factor that controls the unfolded protein response. Cell 87:391–404
Fisher FM, Maratos-Flier E (2016) Understanding the Physiology of FGF21. Annu Rev Physiol 78:223–241
Garg AD et al (2012a) ER stress-induced inflammation: does it aid or impede disease progression? Trends Mol Med. 18:589–598
Garg AD et al (2012b) A novel pathway combining calreticulin exposure and ATP secretion in immunogenic cancer cell death. EMBO J 31:1062–1079
Harding HP, Zhang Y, Ron D (1999) Protein translation and folding are coupled by an endoplasmic-reticulum-resident kinase. Nature 397:271–274
Harding HP et al (2000a) Regulated translation initiation controls stress-induced gene expression in mammalian cells. Mol Cell 6:1099–1108
Harding HP et al (2000b) Perk is essential for translational regulation and cell survival during the unfolded protein response. Mol Cell 5:897–904
Haze K et al (1999) Mammalian transcription factor ATF6 is synthesized as a transmembrane protein and activated by proteolysis in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress. Mol Biol Cell 10:3787–3799
Heazlewood CK et al (2008) Aberrant mucin assembly in mice causes endoplasmic reticulum stress and spontaneous inflammation resembling ulcerative colitis. Plos Medicine. 5:440–460
Hochmuth CE et al (2011) Redox regulation by Keap1 and Nrf2 controls intestinal stem cell proliferation in Drosophila. Cell Stem Cell 8:188–199
Hollien J et al (2009) Regulated Ire1-dependent decay of messenger RNAs in mammalian cells. J Cell Biol 186:323–331
Hotamisligil GS (2010) Endoplasmic reticulum stress and the inflammatory basis of metabolic disease. Cell 140:900–917
Karali E et al (2014) VEGF Signals through ATF6 and PERK to promote endothelial cell survival and angiogenesis in the absence of ER stress. Mol Cell 54:559–572
Kharitonenkov A et al (2005) FGF-21 as a novel metabolic regulator. J Clin Invest. 115:1627–1635
Kim KH et al (2013) Autophagy deficiency leads to protection from obesity and insulin resistance by inducing Fgf21 as a mitokine. Nat Med 19:83–92
Kulalert W, Kim DH (2013) The unfolded protein response in a pair of sensory neurons promotes entry of C. elegans into dauer diapause. Curr Biol 23:2540–2545
Levi-Ferber M et al (2014) It’s all in your mind: determining germ cell fate by neuronal IRE-1 in C-elegans. Plos Genetics 10
Lin JH et al (2007) IRE1 signaling affects cell fate during the unfolded protein response. Science 318:944–949
Ma Y, Hendershot LM (2004) The role of the unfolded protein response in tumour development: friend or foe? Nat Rev Cancer 4:966–977
Mahadevan NR et al (2011) Transmission of endoplasmic reticulum stress and pro-inflammation from tumor cells to myeloid cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 108:6561–6566
Mahadevan NR et al (2012) Cell-extrinsic effects of tumor ER stress imprint myeloid dendritic cells and impair CD8(+) T cell priming. PLoS ONE 7:e51845
Marciniak SJ et al (2004) CHOP induces death by promoting protein synthesis and oxidation in the stressed endoplasmic reticulum. Genes Dev 18:3066–3077
Nakatani Y et al (2005) Involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress in insulin resistance and diabetes. J Biol Chem 280:847–851
Ozcan L et al (2009) Endoplasmic reticulum stress plays a central role in development of leptin resistance. Cell Metab 9:35–51
Ozcan U et al (2004) Endoplasmic reticulum stress links obesity, insulin action, and type 2 diabetes. Science 306:457–461
Panaretakis T et al (2009) Mechanisms of pre-apoptotic calreticulin exposure in immunogenic cell death. EMBO J 28:578–590
Richardson CE, Kooistra T, Kim DH (2010) An essential role for XBP-1 in host protection against immune activation in C. elegans. Nature 463:1092–1095
Ron D, Walter P (2007) Signal integration in the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 8:519–529
Schaap FG et al (2013) Fibroblast growth factor 21 is induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress. Biochimie 95:692–699
Shapiro DJ et al (2016) Anticipatory UPR activation: a protective pathway and target in cancer. Trends Endocrinol Metab 27:731–741
Sidrauski C, Walter P (1997) The transmembrane kinase Ire1p is a site-specific endonuclease that initiates mRNA splicing in the unfolded protein response. Cell 90:1031–1039
Singh V, Aballay A (2012) Endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway required for immune homeostasis is neurally controlled by arrestin-1. J Biol Chem 287:33191–33197
Sun J et al (2011) Neuronal GPCR controls innate immunity by regulating noncanonical unfolded protein response genes. Science 332:729–732
Sun JR, Liu YY, Aballay A (2012) Organismal regulation of XBP-1-mediated unfolded protein response during development and immune activation. EMBO Rep 13:855–860
Taylor RC, Dillin A (2013) XBP-1 is a cell-nonautonomous regulator of stress resistance and longevity. Cell 153:1435–1447
Taylor RC, Berendzen KM, Dillin A (2014) Systemic stress signalling: understanding the cell non-autonomous control of proteostasis. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 15:211–217
Urano F et al (2000) Coupling of stress in the ER to activation of JNK protein kinases by transmembrane protein kinase IRE1. Science 287:664–666
Volchuk A, Ron D (2010) The endoplasmic reticulum stress response in the pancreatic beta-cell. Diabetes Obes Metab 12(Suppl 2):48–57
Walter P, Ron D (2011) The unfolded protein response: from stress pathway to homeostatic regulation. Science 334:1081–1086
Wan XS et al (2014) ATF4- and CHOP-dependent induction of FGF21 through endoplasmic reticulum stress. Biomed Res Int 2014:807874
Wang LF et al (2014) Integration of UPRER and oxidative stress signaling in the control of intestinal stem cell proliferation. Plos Genetics 10
Wang LF et al (2015) PERK limits drosophila lifespan by promoting intestinal stem cell proliferation in response to ER stress. Plos Genetics 11
Weis VG, Goldenring JR (2009) Current understanding of SPEM and its standing in the preneoplastic process. Gastric Cancer 12:189–197
Wente W et al (2006) Fibroblast growth factor-21 improves pancreatic beta-cell function and survival by activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and Akt signaling pathways. Diabetes 55:2470–2478
Williams KW et al (2014) Xbp1s in Pomc neurons connects ER stress with energy balance and glucose homeostasis. Cell Metab 20:471–482
Xu J et al (2009) Fibroblast growth factor 21 reverses hepatic steatosis, increases energy expenditure, and improves insulin sensitivity in diet-induced obese mice. Diabetes 58:250–259
Yu L et al (2016) Anticipatory activation of the unfolded protein response by epidermal growth factor is required for immediate early gene expression and cell proliferation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 422:31–41
Acknowledgements
SI, MS and RCT are supported by the Medical Research Council.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Imanikia, S., Sheng, M., Taylor, R.C. (2017). Cell Non-autonomous UPRER Signaling. In: Wiseman, R., Haynes, C. (eds) Coordinating Organismal Physiology Through the Unfolded Protein Response. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 414. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2017_38
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2017_38
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-78529-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-78530-1
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)