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Removal and Degradation of Pharmaceutically Active Compounds (PhACs) in Wastewaters by Solar Advanced Oxidation Processes

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Removal and Degradation of Pharmaceutically Active Compounds in Wastewater Treatment

Part of the book series: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ((HEC,volume 108))

Abstract

Most advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are based on combination of oxidants, catalysts and radiation. Main disadvantages of these processes are their high energy consumption and operation costs. The use of solar radiation could be a way to overcome these drawbacks, but only two processes fit with this approach: heterogeneous photocatalysis with semiconductors and homogeneous photocatalysis through photo-Fenton-like processes. Solar AOPs (SAOPs) present special interest for the degradation of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) as they can be easily adapted to comply with fundamental principles of green chemistry. This chapter states the main concepts of (1) solar semiconductor photocatalysis including its management with specific solar photoreactors; (2) solar photo-Fenton processes application, with special emphasis in circumneutral pH operation, for PhAC elimination; (3) optimized treatment validation under actual conditions with sensitive and selective analytical approaches; and (4) finally photoreactor modelling as a key tool to integrate the effect of temperature, PhAC concentration and radiation absorption in kinetics for a proper prediction of treated volume of water per unit of photoreactor surface and time.

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Acknowledgements

I. Oller and S. Malato wish to thank the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for funding under the ECOSAFEFARMING Project (International Joint Programming Actions, reference: PCIN-2017-005) and 2016 Water and FACCE JPIs Joint Call. J. Giménez wish to thank the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (project CTQ2017-86466-R, MINECO/FEDER, UE) and AGAUR-Generalitat de Catalunya (project 2017SGR-131) for funds received. A. Agüera and J.A. Sánchez Pérez wish to thank contribution of the LIFE ULISES project funded by the European Union under the LIFE Financial Programme Grant Agreement No. LIFE18 ENV/ES/000165.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plataforma Solar de Almería (CIEMAT), Almería, Spain

    Sixto Malato

  2. Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Jaime Giménez

  3. Plataforma Solar de Almería (CIEMAT), Almería, Spain

    Isabel Oller

  4. Solar Energy Research Centre (CIESOL), Joint Centre University of Almeria-CIEMAT, Almeria, Spain

    Ana Agüera & José Antonio Sánchez Pérez

  5. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, Almeria, Spain

    José Antonio Sánchez Pérez

Authors
  1. Sixto Malato
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  2. Jaime Giménez
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  3. Isabel Oller
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  4. Ana Agüera
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  5. José Antonio Sánchez Pérez
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Correspondence to Sixto Malato .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), University of Girona, Girona, Spain

    Sara Rodriguez-Mozaz

  2. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Paqui Blánquez Cano

  3. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Montserrat Sarrà Adroguer

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Malato, S., Giménez, J., Oller, I., Agüera, A., Sánchez Pérez, J.A. (2020). Removal and Degradation of Pharmaceutically Active Compounds (PhACs) in Wastewaters by Solar Advanced Oxidation Processes. In: Rodriguez-Mozaz, S., Blánquez Cano, P., Sarrà Adroguer, M. (eds) Removal and Degradation of Pharmaceutically Active Compounds in Wastewater Treatment. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 108. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2020_688

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