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Bioaccumulation and Toxicity of Organic Chemicals in Terrestrial Invertebrates

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Bioavailability of Organic Chemicals in Soil and Sediment

Part of the book series: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ((HEC,volume 100))

Abstract

Terrestrial invertebrates are key components in ecosystems, with crucial roles in soil structure, functioning, and ecosystem services. The present chapter covers how terrestrial invertebrates are impacted by organic chemicals, focusing on up-to-date information regarding bioavailability, exposure routes and general concepts on bioaccumulation, toxicity, and existing models. Terrestrial invertebrates are exposed to organic chemicals through different routes, which are dependent on both the organismal traits and nature of exposure, including chemical properties and media characteristics. Bioaccumulation and toxicity data for several groups of organic chemicals are presented and discussed, attempting to cover plant protection products (herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, and molluscicides), veterinary and human pharmaceuticals, polycyclic aromatic compounds, polychlorinated biphenyls, flame retardants, and personal care products. Chemical mixtures are also discussed bearing in mind that chemicals appear simultaneously in the environment. The biomagnification of organic chemicals is considered in light of the consumption of terrestrial invertebrates as novel feed and food sources.

This chapter highlights how science has contributed with data from the last 5 years, providing evidence on bioavailability, bioaccumulation, and toxicity derived from exposure to organic chemicals, including insights into the main challenges and shortcomings to extrapolate results to real exposure scenarios.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    a.i. – active ingredient.

  2. 2.

    d.w. – dry weight.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge funding to the ECOCENE (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-032471) and METOXCLIM (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029557) projects funded by FEDER, through COMPETE2020 - Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI), and by national funds (OE), through FCT/MCTES, and to FCT/MCTES for the financial support to CESAM (UIDP/50017/2020+UIDB/50017/2020) through national funds. Rui Morgado was granted by FCT with a postdoctoral grant (SFRH/BPD/123384/2016). Catarina Malheiro was granted by the Doctoral Programme in Biology and Ecology of Global Change of the University of Aveiro with a Ph.D. grant from FCT (PD/BD/135577/2018).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology and CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal

    M. Nazaret González-Alcaraz, Catarina Malheiro, Diogo N. Cardoso, Marija Prodana, Rui G. Morgado & Susana Loureiro

  2. Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Cornelis A. M. van Gestel

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  1. M. Nazaret González-Alcaraz
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    Jose Julio Ortega-Calvo

  2. Institute for Biodiversity & Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    John Robert Parsons

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González-Alcaraz, M.N. et al. (2020). Bioaccumulation and Toxicity of Organic Chemicals in Terrestrial Invertebrates. In: Ortega-Calvo, J.J., Parsons, J.R. (eds) Bioavailability of Organic Chemicals in Soil and Sediment. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 100. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2020_511

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