Abstract
Improvements in stem cell-based research and genetic modification tools enable stem cell-based tissue regeneration applications in clinical therapies. Although inadequate cell numbers in culture, invasive isolation procedures, and poor survival rates after transplantation remain as major challenges, cell-based therapies are useful tools for tissue regeneration.
Organoids hold a great promise for tissue regeneration, organ and disease modeling, drug testing, development, and genetic profiling studies. Establishment of 3D cell culture systems eliminates the disadvantages of 2D models in terms of cell adaptation and tissue structure and function. Organoids possess the capacity to mimic the specific features of tissue architecture, cell-type composition, and the functionality of real organs while preserving the advantages of simplified and easily accessible cell culture models. Thus, organoid technology might emerge as an alternative to cell and tissue transplantation. Although transplantation of various organoids in animal models has been demonstrated, liöitations related to vascularized structure formation, cell viability and functionality remain as obstacles in organoid-based transplantation therapies. Clinical applications of organoid-based transplantations might be possible in the near future, when limitations related to cell viability and tissue integration are solved. In this review, the literature was analyzed and discussed to explore the current status of organoid-based transplantation studies.
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Abbreviations
- 2D:
-
Two Dimensional
- 3D:
-
Three Dimensional
- APC:
-
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli
- ASC:
-
Adult Stem Cell
- ATG:
-
Anti-thymocyte Globulin
- Cas9:
-
CRISPR Associated Protein 9
- CNS:
-
Central Nervous System
- COMMD1:
-
Copper Metabolism Domain Containing 1
- CRISPR:
-
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats
- CFTR:
-
Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator
- EGF:
-
Epidermal Growth Factor
- ESC:
-
Embryonic Stem Cell
- FOXA3:
-
Forkhead Box A3
- GMP:
-
Good Manufacturing Laboratory
- GVHD:
-
Graft-Versus-Host Disease
- HLA:
-
Human Leukocyte Antigen
- HNF1A:
-
Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1 Alpha
- HNF4A:
-
Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 Alpha
- HUN:
-
Human Nuclear Protein
- IL2-RA:
-
Interleukin-2 Receptor Antibody
- iPSC:
-
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell
- Lgr5:
-
Leucine-Rich Repeat-Containing G-Protein-Coupled Receptor
- MBP:
-
Myelin Basic Protein
- MHC:
-
Major Histocompatibility Complex
- NOD:
-
Non-obese Diabetic
- NSG:
-
NOD/SCID Gamma
- NTHL1:
-
nth-Like DNA Glycosylase-1
- ONL:
-
Outer Nuclear Layer
- PDGFR𝛼:
-
Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha
- PLGA:
-
Poly(Lactide-co-Glycolide)
- PSC:
-
Pluripotent Stem Cell
- Salisphere:
-
Salivary Gland Organoid
- SCID:
-
Severe Combined Immune Deficient
- SMA:
-
Smooth Muscle Actin
- TP53:
-
Tumor Protein p53
- VEGF:
-
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
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Sağraç, D., Şişli, H.B., Şenkal, S., Hayal, T.B., Şahin, F., Doğan, A. (2021). Organoids in Tissue Transplantation. In: Turksen, K. (eds) Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 14. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 1347. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2021_647
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