Abstract
Therapy of oncologic diseases requires a profound knowledge of the wide spectrum of available anticancer drugs and the ability of the oncologist to weigh the pros and cons of each medication in every single case individually to maintain a high standard of oncologic therapy.
Besides common side effects of anticancer drugs as headache, nausea, and diarrhea, adverse cardiovascular effects are, though less common, a crucial limitation with regard to the acceptance and continuation of the often long-standing therapy. Therefore, an appropriate choice of a single or multidrug medication, considering its special risks for cardiovascular side effects, is essential for preventing a preterm cancelation of a pivotal therapy.
This chapter offers an overview of widely used anticancer drugs, focusing on its certain cardiovascular effects, the possibility of cardioprotection, as well as important risk factors of treated patients, possibly boosting adverse cardiac effects.
Moreover, this chapter outlines commonly used monitoring methods for an appropriate surveillance, including those for high-risk oncologic patients with heart failure or arterial hypertension, and provides different treatment options in cases of manifest cardiovascular side effects.
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Abbreviations
- 5-FU:
-
5-Fluorouracil
- ACE:
-
Angiotensin-converting enzyme
- BCR-ABL:
-
Break-point cluster-Abelson
- BMI:
-
Body mass index
- CHF:
-
Congestive heart failure
- CML:
-
Chronic myeloid leukemia
- CMR:
-
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
- CRCD:
-
Chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction
- ECE-1:
-
Endothelin-converting enzyme 1
- ECG:
-
Electrocardiography
- FDA:
-
Food and Drug Administration
- GIST:
-
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor
- HER2/erbB2:
-
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
- HERA:
-
Herceptin adjuvant trial
- LV:
-
Left ventricle
- LVEF:
-
Left ventricular ejection fraction
- NSCLC:
-
Non-small-cell lung carcinoma
- NYHA:
-
New York Heart Association
- PEG:
-
Polyethylene glycol
- RR:
-
Relative risk
- TDI:
-
Tissue Doppler imaging
- TKI:
-
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor
- VEGF:
-
Vascular endothelial growth factor
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Avanesov, M., Block, A., Lund, G.K. (2015). Cardiovascular Toxicity and Monitoring Methods in Oncologic Patients. In: Kauczor, HU., Bäuerle, T. (eds) Imaging of Complications and Toxicity following Tumor Therapy. Medical Radiology(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/174_2015_1053
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