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Chemotherapy and Targeted Therapy

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Imaging of Complications and Toxicity following Tumor Therapy

Part of the book series: Medical Radiology ((Med Radiol Diagn Imaging))

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Abstract

A precise knowledge of antineoplastic drugs is an indispensable basis for the care of patients with cancer. The mechanisms of action and resistance, cross-resistance patterns, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, pharmacological interaction, and last but not least potential adverse effects should be part of this knowledge. As contemporary cancer care requires interdisciplinary and multi-professional structures, the radiologist is an important and integral part of the oncological treatment team. He has several key roles. Besides the determination of an accurate clinical staging which is the basis for all treatment recommendations, he evaluates the response to anticancer treatment and defines the remission status following treatment. Importantly, he assesses acute and long-term treatment toxicities, both having a tremendous impact on patients’ safety and quality of life. This article summarizes the principles of medical anticancer treatment and outlines the major side effects associated with drug classes and specific antineoplastic compounds.

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Abbreviations

2-CDA:

2-Chlordeoxyadenosine

5-FU:

5-Fluorouracil

6-MP:

6-Mercaptopurine

6-TG:

6-Thioguanine

ACNU:

Nimustine

ADL:

Activity of daily living

AE:

Adverse event

ALK:

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase

AMSA:

Amsacrine

AraC:

Cytosine arabinoside

ARDS:

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

BCNU:

Carmustine

bcr/abl:

Breakpoint cluster region protein/Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1

CCDP:

Cisplatin

CCNU:

Lomustine

CD:

Cluster of differentiation

c-KIT:

Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog

CTC:

Common Toxicity Criteria

CTCAE:

Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events

CTLA-4:

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

DTIC:

Dacarbazine

EGFR:

Epidermal growth factor receptor

EML4:

Echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4

HDAC:

Histone deacetylase

HER2:

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2

ILD:

Interstitial lung disease

mTOR:

Mammalian target of rapamycin

MTX:

Methotrexate

NCI:

National Cancer Institute

NSCLC:

Non-small cell lung cancer

PD-1:

Programmed cell death protein 1

PDL-1:

Programmed cell death ligand 1

PET:

Positron emission tomography

PlGF:

Placental growth factor

PRES:

Progressive reversible encephalopathy syndrome

RAF:

Rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma

SOC:

System Organ Class

TKI:

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

VEGFR2:

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2

VP-16:

Etoposide

WHO:

World Health Organization

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University Cancer Center Leipzig (UCCL), University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, Leipzig, D- 04103, Germany

    Florian Lordick & Ulrich Hacker

Authors
  1. Florian Lordick
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  2. Ulrich Hacker
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Correspondence to Florian Lordick .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

    Hans-Ulrich Kauczor

  2. Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany

    Tobias Bäuerle

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© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

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Lordick, F., Hacker, U. (2014). Chemotherapy and Targeted Therapy. In: Kauczor, HU., Bäuerle, T. (eds) Imaging of Complications and Toxicity following Tumor Therapy. Medical Radiology(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/174_2014_1040

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/174_2014_1040

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-12840-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-12841-2

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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